Nowadays, bulk of the designers prefer to outsource some parts of their design and fabrication process to the third-part companies due to the reliability problems, manufacturing cost and time-to-market limitations. In this situation, there are a lot of opportunities for malicious alterations by the off-shore companies. In this paper, we proposed a new placement algorithm that hinders the hardwa...

Regarding the nature of non-linear discrete placement, and in order to determine the optimal capacity of the substation, the goal in the present study will be a number of local optimum points. In this research, the problem of optimal placement posts to reduce power losses by considering Distributed Generation (DG). In formulating the objective function, geographical distribution density in the ...

Routing is a challenging issue in Mobile Ad hoc Network to pass the data packets through intermediate hops in an efficient manner. In this paper, Reactive routing protocols namely AODV and DSR are evaluated under the feasible placement and random placement models. Simulation results shows that AODV and DSR are performing better in feasible placement approach comparative to the existing random p...

Traditional VLSI systems automatically place and route circuits using two independent steps; first an optimal placement is determined by using wire length estimates, then an optimal routing is attempted for the given placement. In actuality, placement and routing can have complicated interactions, and separating them can lead to conservative and un-optimal solutions. GRAPE, a Genetic Routing An...