To study the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship of left ventricle ejection against physiological afterload, we imposed seven simulated arterial impedances on excised canine left ventricles connected to a newly developed servo-pump system. We set each of the impedance parameters (resistance, capacitance, and characteristic impedance) to 50, 100, and 200% of normal value (resistance: 3 mm ...

scanning impedance microscopy (sim) is one of the novel scanning probe microscopy (spm) techniques, which has been developed to taking image from sample surface, providing quantitative information with high lateral resolution on the interface capacitance, and investigating the local capacitance–voltage (c–v) behavior of the interface and ac transport properties. the sim is an ordinary afm equip...

Introduction: Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a real time and minimal invasive imaging modality for detection of lesions in tissues even when their structures show no changes. Early detection of lesion with EIT depends on difference between electrical impedance of targeted tissue and its surroundings. Therefore, finding a contrast agent for EIT that increase this diffe...

A desired dynamic behavior of constrained manipulators can be achieved by means of impedance control and various implementations of fixed controllers have been proposed. In this paper, and adaptive implementation is presented as an alternative to reduce the design sensitivity due to manipulator mismatch. The adaptive controller globally achieves the impedance objective for the nonlinear dynamic...

Background: Pulsed amperometric detection is a relatively new method for detection of ions and especially nonelectrolytes such as carbohydrates in aqueous solutions. Pulsed amperometric detection relies on a redox reaction while electrochemical impedance simply measures the real and capacitive resistant of the solution. There is a correlation between the real impedance of a solution and the ion...

We review recent progress in the following areas of the impedance theory: calculation of impedance of tapers and small angle collimators; optical approximation and parabolic equation for the high-frequency impedance; impedance due to resistive inserts in a perfectly conducting pipe.

Mains impedance is a critical parameter to consider when diagnosing load generated power quality problems. High impedance can contribute to voltage sags, low voltage conditions, high frequency noise, transient impulses, and harmonic voltages. These problems can be created by the critical load, or by other loads powered from the same electrical source. This paper presents the concept of mains im...

A new method of wirelessly transducing electrochemical impedance without integrated circuits or discrete electrical components was developed and characterized. The resonant frequency and impedance magnitude at resonance of a planar inductive coil is affected by the load on a secondary coil terminating in sensing electrodes exposed to solution (reflected impedance), allowing the transduction of ...

In the field of human-machine interaction mechanical impedance has become well implement. However, in humanvehicle interaction there is a variant environment when drivin a vehicle, thus apart from cooperating with human, an impedance is needed to adapt to the variant environment. But as being a second order mass-viscosity-stiffness model with fixed parameters, for mechanical impedance it is dif...

in this paper,  we introduce  the notion of $m$-fuzzifying interval spaces, and discuss the relationship between $m$-fuzzifying interval spaces and $m$-fuzzifying convex structures.it is proved that  the category  {bf mycsa2}  can be embedded in  the category  {bf  myis}  as a reflective subcategory, where  {bf mycsa2} and   {bf  myis} denote  the category of $m$-fuzzifying convex structures of...