Previous dynamic imaging studies of the cervical spine have focused entirely on intervertebral kinematics while neglecting to investigate the relationship between head motion and intervertebral motion. Specifically, it is unknown if the relationship between head and intervertebral kinematics is affected by movement direction. We tested the hypothesis that there would be no difference in sagitta...

Cytokines are the main cause of intervertebral disc degeneration. Kartogenin (KGN) is found to protect chondrocytes from cytokines. To explore whether KGN can slow down the degeneration on intervertebral discs following exposure to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF‑α), the expression of type II collagen (Col II) and aggrecan were detected by immunofluorescence, immunohisto...

OBJECTIVE To set up a natural degeneration model of chondrocytes derived from endplate of intervertebral discs of rats in order to offer an appropriate carrier for the study on mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. METHODS The method of enzyme digestion combined with natural subculture was used to set up the in vitro natural degeneration model of chondrocytes derived from the endplat...

This article presents the effects of the frontal and rear-end impact loadings on the cervical spine components by using a multi-body dynamic model of the head and neck, and a viscoelastic finite element (FE) model of the six cervical intervertebral discs. A threedimensional multi-body model of the human head and neck is used to simulate 15 g frontal and 8.5 g rear-end impacts. The load history ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the molecules involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and to identify and quantify heparanase isoforms present in herniated and degenerative discs. INTRODUCTION Heparanase is an endo-beta-glucuronidase that specifically acts upon the heparan sulfate chains of proteoglycans. However, heparanase expression in degenerative intervertebral discs has not yet been evaluate...

Visfatin reportedly induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Severe grades intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) exhibit higher visfatin than mild ones. However, direc...

Study Design Retrospective. Purpose To analyze whether the cross-sectional area of the intervertebral foramen at the outermost edge of the resection site is associated with postoperative outcomes and whether our fluoroscopic method for determining the resection area is appropriate. Overview of Literature There is no consensus on the criteria for determining an optimal resection area to obta...

This article presents the effects of the frontal and rear-end impact loadings on the cervical spine components by using a multi-body dynamic model of the head and neck, and a viscoelastic finite element (FE) model of the six cervical intervertebral discs. A three-dimensional multi-body model of the human head and neck is used to simulate 15 g frontal and 8.5 g rear-end impacts. The load history...

Vol. XLVI (December 2009), 764–776 764 © 2009, American Marketing Association ISSN: 0022-2437 (print), 1547-7193 (electronic) *GerganaY. Nenkov is Assistant Professor of Marketing, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (e-mail: [email protected]). J. Jeffrey Inman is Albert Wesley Frey Professor of Marketing (e-mail: jinman@ katz.pitt.edu), and John Hulland is Professor of Marketing ...

Three-point cyclic bending was applied to intervertebral joint complexes (three vertebrae with two intervertebral discs) of monkey (Macaca fascicularis), wallaby (Wallabia rufogrisea frutica), tiger (Panthera tigris), jaguar (Panthera onca) and seal (Halichoerus grypus). Force-displacement loops were recorded for intact specimens in both extension and flexion. Reductions in peak forces at given...