OBJECTIVE Diagnosing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is difficult when diagnosticians cannot establish an onset before the DSM-IV criterion of age 7 or if the number of symptoms recalled does not achieve DSM's diagnosis threshold. METHOD The authors addressed the validity of DSM-IV's age-at-onset and symptom threshold criteria by comparing four groups of adults: 127 ...

BACKGROUND Familial component is estimated to account for about 10% of ovarian cancer. However, the mode of inheritance of ovarian cancer remains poorly understood. The goal of this study was to investigate the inheritance model that best fits the observed transmission pattern of ovarian cancer among 7669 members of 1919 pedigrees ascertained through probands from the Gilda Radner Familial Ovar...

OBJECTIVE There is substantial evidence suggesting that suicide aggregates in families. However, the extent of overlap between the liability to suicide and psychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder, remains an important issue. Similarly, factors that account for the familial transmission of suicidal behavior remain unclear. Thus, through direct and blind assessment of first-...

OBJECTIVE To investigate familial aggregation of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the relative risks (RRs) of other autoimmune disease in relatives of patients with SS. METHODS We identified 23,658,577 beneficiaries enrolled in the Taiwan National Health Insurance system in 2010, of whom 12,754 had SS. We identified 21,009,551 parent-child relationships and 17,168,340 pairs of full siblings. The f...

The first description of oral lipomas was made by Roux in 1848. He referred it as a ‘yellow Epulis’ [4]. Morphologically intra-oral lipomas can be classified as diffuse form affecting the deeper tissues, superficial form and encapsulated form [5]. Multiple head and neck lipomas have been observed in neurofibromatosis, Gardner syndrome, EcephaloCraniocutaneous lipomatosis, Multiple familial lipo...

How much may I eat? Most healthcare workers, when asked this question, have insufficient knowledge to educate their patients on a healthy energy intake level. In this review we examine the available methods for estimating adult energy requirements with a focus on the newly developed National Academy of Sciences/Institute of Medicine (NAS/IOM) doubly-labelled water total energy expenditure (TEE)...

As the authors describe, the initial evidence that pulmonary fibrosis may have a genetic basis emerged from case reports and case series that reported multiple cases of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) clustering in families [2–6]. The epidemiology indicates that within families containing two or more cases of IIP (familial interstitial pneumonia) the development of familial interstiti...

Reports of familial clustering of hematologic malignancies have appeared for decades, but the cause of this uncommon observation is still unknown. Most modern investigations support a genetic rather than an environmental explanation. Clinically, most pedigrees of families with familial hematologic malignancies demonstrate age of onset anticipation (ie, diagnosis at an earlier age in successive ...

BACKGROUND Previous studies of families with fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) support an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, but most studies have described genetic transmission in individual families specifically selected for the presence of multiple affected individuals. OBJECTIVE To investigate the familial presentation and inheritance of FTD and related disorders among a large group of ...