Estonian phosphorite ore contains trace amounts of rare earth elements (REEs), many other d-metals, and some radioactive elements. Rare elements, Mo, V, etc. might be economically exploitable, while toxic should removed before any downstream processing for environmental nutritional safety reasons. All untreated hazardous remain in landfilled waste much higher concentration than they occur natur...

The Ukrainian energy and fuel sector is highly dependent on mineral extraction. Hard coal accounts for 25-30% of production in Ukraine. All processes, from mining to its use energy, have a negative impact the environment. One these impacts accumulation waste rock at an industrial facility, known as dump. These dumps all spheres Coal located Western Donbas are characterized by low pH level, leve...

A new phytotoxicity test method based on root elongation of three Lemna species (Lemna gibba, L. minor, and L. paucicostata) has been developed. Tests with aquatic plants have, typically, favored measurements on fronds (e.g. frond number, area, biomass) rather than on roots, due, in part, to issues associated with handling fragile roots and the time-consuming procedures of selecting roots with ...

Introduction The vitrification of nuclear waste in joule-heated melters is a costly multi-decade national effort. Current operations at the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) and future operations at the Waste Treatment Plant (WTP), now under construction at Hanford, rely on predictive models because of the lack of on-line monitoring of most processing parameters. This necessitates conser...

Heavy metals that enter marine environment and remain in the water as well as the sediments are accumulated by aquatic organisms, thus becoming highly good indicators to monitor metal accumulation in the long run. Metals are potentially harmful to humans and most organisms at varied levels of exposure and absorption. Northern East Mediterranean Sea is a crucial region as it is an area, shared b...

Heavy metals that enter marine environment and remain in the water as well as the sediments are accumulated by aquatic organisms, thus becoming highly good indicators to monitor metal accumulation in the long run. Metals are potentially harmful to humans and most organisms at varied levels of exposure and absorption. Northern East Mediterranean Sea is a crucial region as it is an area, shared b...

Toxic heavy metal contamination of industrial wastewater is an important environmental problem. Many industries such as electroplating, pigments, metallurgical processes, and mining and leather industries release various concentrations of heavy metals like chromium. Chromium generally exists in different forms, mostly as trivalent and hexavalent forms. Trivalent chromium is nontoxic and relativ...