The paper recalls the concept of duality in Mathematics and extends it to Solid Mechanics. One important application of duality is to restore some symmetry between current fields and their adjoint ones. This leads to many alternative schemes for numerical analyses, different from the classical one as used in classical formulation of boundary value problems (Finite Element Method). Usually, Cons...

Fatigue crack propagation in 3Y-TZP was investigated using controlled surface flaws. A unique growth law strongly dependent on the maximum stress intensity factor and quadratically dependent on the amplitude of the range of stress intensity factor was established. This growth law was found to apply for both surface flaws and internal flaws and could be used to predict fatigue lifetime. The pres...

The development of hydrogels for cartilage replacement and soft robotics has highlighted a challenge: load-bearing hydrogels need to be both stiff and tough. Several approaches have been reported to improve the toughness of hydrogels, but simultaneously achieving high stiffness and toughness remains difficult. Here we report that alginate-polyacrylamide hydrogels can simultaneously achieve high...

Burst fractures are common fractures resulting from impact loading and can have severe consequences such as neurological deficits [1]. The biomechanical process which leads to burst fracture is still debated. Finite element models (FEM) could further our knowledge on burst fracture mechanism. A precise evaluation of the mechanical properties of bone tissues is a critical issue when creating the...

Through core CT analysis and cyclic reaction simulation experiment, the filling characteristics of structural fractures are analyzed, mechanism is revealed in this paper. The results show that fracture degree has obvious inverse correlation with length, maximum opening, absolute linear density, inclination fractures, which indicates poor connectivity more likely to be filled. Within networks, m...

The mechanical interaction between the surgical tools and the target soft tissue is mainly dictated by the fracture toughness of the tissue in several medical procedures, such as catheter insertion, robotic-guided needle placement, suturing, cutting or tearing, and biopsy. Despite the numerous experimental works on the fracture toughness of hard biomaterials, such as bone and dentin, only a ver...

This study uses a torsional split-Hopkinson bar to investigate the shear response and fracture characteristics of unweldable Al-Sc alloy during mechanical testing at shear strain rates of 800 s , 1500 s , 2200 s 1 and 2800 s 1 and temperatures of 150 C, 25 C and 300 C. The experimental results show that both the shear strain rate and the temperature have a significant effect on the shear proper...

The topological derivative is defined as the first term of the asymptotic expansion of a given shape functional with respect to a small parameter that measures the size of a singular domain perturbation. It has applications in many different fields such as shape and topology optimization, inverse problems, image processing and mechanical modeling including synthesis and/or optimal design of mic...

Rapid development of engineering activities expands through a variety of rock engineering processes such as drilling, blasting, mining and mineral processing. These activities require rock dynamic fracture mechanics method to characterize the rock behavior. Dynamic fracture toughness is an important parameter for the analysis of engineering structures under dynamic loading. Several experimental...

Background & Aims: Osteosarcoma is one of the most prevalent malignant bone tumors . This study is designed to assess the prognostic effect of pathologic fracture and treatment options on survival of patients with osteosarcoma. Materials & Methods: In this study, prognosis of 106 patients with limb osteosarcoma, which were treated at three  hospitals in Tehran from April to August 2012 ...