This note provides an extension of the Fend-Feichtinger-Tragler dynamic game of offending and law enforcement to a stochastic framework. This allows the analysis to reflect actual crime statistics which displays randomness in its distribution. Stochastic paths of crimes are derived. The asymptotic stationary distribution of crime records is also obtained.

This Bulletin describes the extent and characteristics of juvenile arrests. It provides arrest rates for violent and property crimes, drug and weapon offenses, and violations of alcohol, curfew, and loitering laws. Arrests and arrest trends for males and females and for diverse racial groups are compared. The Bulletin also details the characteristics of the victims and the perpetrators of homic...

In their forefront role to address human trafficking, law enforcement agencies (LEAs) have often faced challenges in efforts investigate this crime. Non-traditional partnerships should be explored improve strategies trafficking. Could private investigation (PIAs) collaborate with LEAs help trafficking investigations? The present study examines PIAs’ experiences of collaboration for investigatio...

Law enforcement is not a task usually undertaken by military forces, at least within domestic legal contexts. Conversely, maintaining or restoring security within dysfunctional or ‘post-conflict’ areas of operation is a role commonly undertaken by them. Within these latter operations, the skill sets and highly calibrated application of force that are commonly associated with police forces in th...

This research builds on three decades of effort to produce national estimates of the amount and rate of force used by law enforcement officers in the United States. Prior efforts to produce national estimates have suffered from poor and inconsistent measurements of force, small and unrepresentative samples, low survey and/or item response rates, and disparate reporting of rates of force. The pr...

T he above quote provides a backdrop for the importance to law enforcement of comprehensive and integrated databases, such as the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). The NVDRS can aid law enforcement’s efforts to design community level interventions, thereby ultimately reducing crime. Similarly the NVDRS can aid in the development and implementation of strategies to prevent injury ...

We discuss the applicability of using the OBI assay paradigm for representing patient questionnaires, neuropsychological tests, and neurological exams, as well to annotate data generated from these assessments. We conclude that the specification for OBI ‘assay’ employs a broad enough notion of evaluation to allow for these uses. However, it would be preferable to introduce subclasses of OBI ‘pl...

We analyze corruption in law enforcement: the payment of bribes to enforcement agents, threats to frame innocent individuals in order to extort money from them, and the actual framing of innocent individuals. Bribery, extortion, and framing reduce deterrence and are thus worth discouraging. Optimal penalties for bribery and framing are maximal, but, surprisingly, extortion should not be sanctio...