The relative abundance of the inorganic iodine species, iodide and iodate, are applied to characterize both modern ancient marine oxygen deficient zones (ODZs). However, rates mechanisms responsible for in situ redox transformations poorly characterized, rendering iodine-based reconstructions uncertain. Here, we provide constraints on iodate reduction Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) offsh...

PURPOSE To provide proof-of-concept that the extent of intraretinal manganese uptake after systemic MnCl(2) injection, detected with manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI), assesses alterations in intraretinal ion demand in models of ocular insult. METHODS In Sprague-Dawley rats, retinal ion demand and thickness were measured from MEMRI data collected before, 4 hours after, or 1, 3, and 7 days after ...

PURPOSE Excessive and continuously produced free radicals in the outer retina are implicated in retinal aging and the pathogenesis of sight-threatening retinopathies, yet measuring outer retinal oxidative stress in vivo remains a challenge. Here, we test the hypothesis that continuously produced paramagnetic free radicals from the outer retina can be measured in vivo using high-resolution (22-μ...