Regular measurement of systemic and post-filter ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations is imperative to correctly handle regional citrate anticoagulation dose during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Keeping post-filter iCa within a tight range guarantees optimal circuit function and enhances filter life span [1, 2], whereas a decrease in plasma iCa, with subsequent elevation of the to...

BACKGROUND Heparin binds positively charged electrolytes. In blood gas syringes, electrolyte-balanced heparin is used to prevent a negative bias in electrolyte concentrations. The potential pre-analytical errors introduced by blood gas syringes are largely unknown. Here, we evaluate electrolyte concentrations in non-anticoagulated blood compared with concentrations measured in electrolyte-balan...

OBJECTIVE To determine the intravascular electrolyte status in dairy cows with respect to age and different courses of parturition to clarify etiological factors influencing peri- or intrapartal imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 64 cows at birth were evaluated (primiparous n = 34, pluriparous n = 30). Thirty-three cows showed normal delivery, while 31 cows...

Uremic acidosis accompanies chronic renal failure in hemodialysis patients because of a retention of nonvolatile acids. Standard bicarbonate (39 mEq/L) and acetate (38 mEq/L) dialysates do not completely correct the acidosis. The acid-base and biochemical effect of a high-bicarbonate (42 mEq/L) dialysate was evaluated in 38 patients during high-efficiency and high-flux dialysis over 12 wk. All ...

We used the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-alpha gene knockout model (Ct/Cgrp null) to determine whether calcitonin and CGRPalpha are required for normal fetal mineral homeostasis and placental calcium transfer. Heterozygous (Ct/Cgrp(+/-)) and Ct/Cgrp null females were mated to Ct/Cgrp(+/-) males. One or two days before term, blood was collected from mothers and fetuses and a...

BACKGROUND: A inverse correlation has been found between changes in ionized calcium concentrations and the addition of albumin in vitro, which may explain adverse cardiovascular effects attributed to exogenous albumin in vivo. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the interaction (if any) between exogenous 25% albumin administration (100 ml given over < 30 min) and calcium concentr...

INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes is defined as carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity with the first recognition during pregnancy. Established risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are maternal age, obesity, family history of diabetes, etc. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and various other hormones are known for their function in maintaini...

BACKGROUND Considering that dialysate calcium concentration is potentially a main determinant of the serum ionized calcium level and vasoconstriction is associated with the blood calcium concentration, we conducted a study to evaluate the interdialytic effects of treatment with a low calcium dialysate (LdCa, 1.25 mmol/L) on the changes in arterial compliance (AC), blood pressure (BP), biochemic...