We introduce an extended EZW coder that uses flexible zerotree coding of wavelet coefficients. A flexible parentchild relationship is defined so as to exploit spatial dependencies within a subband as well as hierarchical dependencies among multi-scale subbands. The new relationship is based on a particular statistics that a large coefficient is more likely to have large coefficients in its neig...

We discuss a possibility of using mixed-valence dimers comprising paramagnetic metal ions as molecular cells for quantum cellular automata. Charge distributions in these systems encode binary information with additional option spin switching.

Ca2+-activated K+ channels from rat muscle transverse tubule membranes were inserted into planar phospholipid bilayers, and the activation of these channels by Ca2+ was studied. On the cytoplasmic side of the channel, calcium ions (in the range 10-100 mumol l-1) increase the opening probability of the channel in a graded way. This 'activation curve' is sigmoid, with an average Hill coefficient ...

In this work, existing and modified activity coefficient models are examined in order to assess their capabilities to describe the properties of aqueous solution droplets relevant in the atmosphere. Five different water-organicelectrolyte activity coefficient models were first selected from the literature. Only one of these models included organics and electrolytes which are common in atmospher...

The reflection coefficient was originally introduced by Staverman to describe the movement of nonelectrolytes through membranes. When this coefficient is extended to salts, one has a choice of defining this term for the whole salt moving as a single electrically neutral component or for the individual ions of the salt. The latter definition is meaningful only in the absence of an electric field...

Oxygen diffusion in the oxygen ionic conductor yttria-stabilized zirconia is investigated by means of the molecular dynamics simulation technique. Oxygen ions migrate by means of a discrete hopping process, mainly between neighbouring tetrahedral sites. Diffusion appears to occur in a short time and a long time regime. Only when the oxygen ions have moved over distances much larger than the cha...

Soret coefficients of the ternary system of poly(ethylene oxide) in mixed water/ethanol solvent were measured over a wide solvent composition range by means of thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering. The Soret coefficient S(T) of the polymer was found to change sign as the water content of the solvent increases with the sign change taking place at a water mass fraction of 0.83 at a temper...

In this study, graphene Th(IV) phosphate was prepared by sol-gel precipitation method. The ion-exchange behavior of this cation-exchanger was studied by investigating properties like ion-exchange capacity for various metal ions, the effect of eluent concentration, elution behavior, and thermal effect on ion-exchange capacity (IEC). Several physicochemical properties as Fourier transform infrare...

A simple extension of existing models for protein crystallisation is described, in which salt ions and charge neutrality are explicitly incorporated. This provides a straightforward explanation for the shape of protein crystallisation boundaries, the associated scaling properties seen for lysozyme, and can also explain much of the salt dependence of the second virial coefficient. The analysis h...

Multi-class support vector machines with binary tree architecture (SVM-BTA) have the fastest decision-making speed in the existing multi-class SVMs. But SVM-BTA usually has bad classification capability. According to internal characteristics of feature samples, this paper uses resemblance coefficient method to construct automatically binary tree to incorporate multiple binary SVMs. The multi-cl...