Résumé : Dans cet article, nous jetons les bases d’une ontologie formelle permettant de rendre compte de la nature générale des artefacts. L’objectif visé par une telle ontologie est d’aider à structurer des ontologies d’application dans des domaines où des artefacts spécifiques sont présents, autrement dit pratiquement tout domaine d’activité ! La conceptualisation s’appuie sur une littérature...

In this Note we present new results which bring about hitherto unknown relations between certain Bernstein di¤usions wandering in bounded convex domains of Euclidean space on the one hand, and processes which typically occur in forward-backward systems of stochastic di¤erential equations on the other hand. A key point in establishing such relations is the fact that the Bernstein di¤usions we co...

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco-related disease is the single largest preventable cause of death in the world today, killing around 5.4 million people a year--an average of one person every six seconds. The total number of death caused by tobacco consumption is higher than that of tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and malaria combined. Unlike other communicable diseases, however,...

BACKGROUND Mask ventilation is an essential element of airway management that has rarely been studied as the primary outcome. The authors sought to determine the incidence and predictors of difficult and impossible mask ventilation. METHODS A four-point scale to grade difficulty in performing mask ventilation (MV) is used at the authors' institution. They used a prospective, observational stu...

anxiety is a mental state that is elicited in anticipation of threat or potential threat. sensations of anxiety are a normal part of human experience, but excessive or inappropriate anxiety can become an illness. anxiety is part of the normal human experience. we may speculate that it served human survival during evolution by enhancing preparedness and alertness. however, anxious manifestations...

We discuss the various explanations that have been offered to account for subjects’ behaviour in Wason’s famous selection task, and find them wanting. We argue that what is lacking is a good understanding of a subject’s semantics for the key expressions involved, and an understanding of how this semantics is affected by the demands the task puts upon the subject’s cognitive system.