Both electrophoresis and immunodiffusion are utilized, hastening and focusing the diffusion of antigens and antibodies in agarose gel. On the electric field, at a pH between 8.2 and 8.6, negatively-charged antigen which may be present in the patient's specimen migrates toward the anode. Commercially prepared antisera drifts toward the cathode via electroendosmosis. Where antigen and antibody me...

This paper numerically and experimentally investigates and demonstrates the design of an optofluidic in-plane bi-concave lens to perform both light focusing and diverging using the combined effect of pressure driven flow and electro-osmosis. The concave lens is formed in a rectangular chamber with a liquid core-liquid cladding (L(2)) configuration. Under constant flow rates, the performance of ...

Numerical simulations are presented for ampholyte-based isoelectric focusing in 2D microgeometries. In this study, model proteins are focused in the presence of 25 biprotic ampholytes under an applied electric field. Each protein is considered as a simple polypeptide having ten charge states, while the biprotic ampholytes are selected to generate a shallow pH range of 6 to 9. Straight and contr...

Electric field-driven separation and purification techniques, such as isoelectric focusing (IEF) and isotachophoresis, generate heat in the system that can affect the performance of the separation process. In this study, a new mathematical model is presented for IEF that considers the temperature rise due to Joule heating. We used the model to study focusing phenomena and separation performance...

Focusing suspended particles in a fluid into a single file is often necessary prior to continuous-flow detection, analysis, and separation. Electrokinetic particle focusing has been demonstrated in constricted microchannels by the use of the constriction-induced dielectrophoresis. However, previous studies on this subject have been limited to Newtonian fluids only. We report in this paper an ex...

This paper numerically and experimentally investigates and demonstrates the design of an optofluidic in -plane bi-concave lens to perform both light focusing and diverging using the combined effect of pressure driven flow and electroosmosis. The concave lens is formed in a rectangular chamber with liquid core liquid cladding (L) configuration. Under constant flowrates, the performance of the le...

The number of RFID devices used in everyday life has increased, along with concerns about their security and user privacy. This paper describes our initial findings on practical attacks that we implemented against ‘proximity’ (ISO 14443 A) type RFID tokens. Focusing mainly on the RF communication interface we discuss the results and implementation of eavesdropping, unauthorized scanning and rel...

The concept of a power curve is introduced, as well as the principles of the power conversion performed by a wind turbine. As an appropriate approach for the estimation of the annual power production of a wind turbine, the procedure to determine the power curve after the international standard IEC 61400 of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is discussed. As another approach is ...

We introduce an emulsification technique that creates monodisperse double-emulsion drops with a core–shell geometry having an ultra-thin wall as a middle layer. We create a biphasic flow in a microfluidic capillary device by forming a sheath flow consisting of a thin layer of a fluid with high affinity to the capillary wall flowing along the inner wall of the capillary, surrounding the innermos...