Instrumental variable (IV) methods based on the physician's prescribing preference may remove bias due to unobserved confounding in pharmacoepidemiologic studies. However, IV estimates, originally defined as the treatment prescribed for a single previous patient of a given physician, show important variance inflation. The authors proposed and validated in simulations a new method to reduce the ...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The prognostic value of myocardium deformation measurements in chronic heart failure (CHF) is still poorly addressed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) with clinical and prognostic indicators in patients with CHF and systolic dysfunction. METHODS Ambulatory patients with CHF and LV eje...

OBJECTIVE To compare hemodynamic stress response (HDSR) to ET intubation using Glidescope (GLS) and Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope (FFB). METHODS This prospective randomized comparative study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from June 2011 - November 2013. Eighty ASA 1 & 2 patients with normal airway undergoing elective surgical pr...

T experiment tested two behavioral properties of risky decision making—gain-loss separability (GLS) and coalescing. Cumulative prospect theory (CPT) implies both properties, but the transfer of attention exchange model (TAX) violates both. Original prospect theory satisfies GLS but may or may not satisfy coalescing, depending on whether editing rules are assumed. A configural form of CPT propos...

SUMMARY We consider the analysis of clinical trials that involve randomization to an active treatment (T = 1) or a control treatment (T = 0), when the active treatment is subject to all-or-nothing compliance. We compare three approaches to estimating treatment efficacy in this situation: as-treated analysis, per-protocol analysis, and instrumental variable (IV) estimation, where the treatment e...

This paper proposes a semiparametrically modified OLS (SM-OLS) estimator and a semiparametrically modified IV (SM-IV) estimator via kernel method for linear cointegrating models when cointegrating equilibrium errors respond instantaneously to changes of the first-differenced integrated regressor in the linear cointegrating models. Both the proposed estimators are shown to have a mixed normal li...

In this paper, we show how an extended Guided Local Search (GLS) can be applied to the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). GLS is a general, penalty-based meta-heuristic, which sits on top of local search algorithms, to help guide them out of local minima. We present empirical results of applying several extended versions of GLS to the QAP, and show that these extensions can improve the range o...

Objective(s): Response surface methodology (RSM) by central composite design (CCD) was applied to statistically optimize the preparation of Rutin-Quercetin (Ru-Qr) dual drug loaded human hair keratin nanoparticles as well as evaluate the characteristics. Materials and Methods: The effects of three independent parameters, namely, temperature (X1:10-40 C), surfactant (X2: SDS (1), SLS (2), Tween-...

  Background: Quercetin is a strong antioxidant and long-term treatment of STZ-diabetic animals and it has been shown to reduce oxidative stress.   Objective: Antioxidants have essential effect on spermatogenesis and sperm parameters. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus.   Methods...

Recent work has highlighted glutaminase (GLS) as a key player in cancer cell metabolism, providing glutamine-derived carbon and nitrogen to pathways that support proliferation. There is significant interest in targeting GLS for cancer therapy, although the gene is not known to be mutated or amplified in tumors. As a result, identification of tractable markers that predict GLS dependence is need...