This study examines the droplet combustion characteristics of three and four component miscible liquid mixtures and compares the results with an aviation fuel (Jet-A) burning under the same conditions. The configuration used in the comparison is the base case of spherical symmetry whereby the droplet and flame are spherical and concentric. Mixtures consisting of n-decane/iso-octane/toluene and ...

Temperature fluctuations have been measured in a turbulent, natural gas-fueled, piloted jet diffusion flame with a fuel jet exit Reynolds number of 9700, using broadband Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) nitrogen thermometry with a best spatial resolution of 0.9 mm. Radial profiles of mean temperature and root mean square (rms) temperature fluctuations have been acquired and temper...

Flashing or thermodynamic breakup of a liquid jet occurs when a pressurized subcooled or saturated liquid is released to a lower pressure, resulting in violent vapor nucleation, expansion, and break up of the liquid phase. Flashing is known to produce very fine droplet atomization, often not possible by traditional mechanical means. In this work, flashing atomization is introduced in a spray bu...

Experiments have been carried out to measure the spark ignition energy of Jet A vapor in air. A range of ignition energies from 1 mJ to 100 J was examined in these tests. The test method was validated by first measuring ignition energies for lean mixtures of the fuels hexane (C6H6) and propane (C3H8) in air at normal temperature (295 K) and pressure (1 atm). These results agree with existing da...

Challenges in forecasting fleet development and deployment are in part due to fuel price uncertainty. To address this issue, a recent study developed an aircraft-specific Leontief technology operating cost model (LM) to compare aircraft costs under fuel price uncertainty. This model considers individual aircraft types to be Leontief technologies, such that the key drivers of cost must be used i...

Bio-jet fuels prepared by the thermochemical conversion of triglyceride can be used as complete substitutes jet fuels. A bio-jet fuel a substitute RP-3 and itself were, respectively, to small aviation piston engine. The characteristic tests engine were carried out, performances power, economy, emissions, heat release law fueled with two analyzed. feasibility for was proved experimental results,...

Components of the JET Mk-II Gas Box divertor have been analysed ex-situ after 18 months of operation with that divertor structure. The aim was to give an account on the distribution of the retained fuel along the poloidal crosssection of the divertor and, in particular, in the septum. Inside the gas box thick hydrogenated deposits were formed only on surfaces located in the near-plasma region f...

A comprehensive collection of technical aviation fuels enabled an experimental and numerical study on detailed combustion chemistry pollutant formation presented in a series 3 interlinking parts. Part-I: Experimental Flow Reactor Study focuses the characterization 42 jet provides speciation data for model development Part-II: Model Surrogate Strategy. validation based here is Part-III: Applicat...