one whose clinical acumen, painstaking and accurate observations and valuable writings had gained for him a reputation which was world-wide and which added a lustre to British Medicine. John Thomson was born in Edinburgh in 1856, and, after receiving his education at the Academy and University, he studied in London, Berlin and Vienna. His interest was early directed towards diseases of children...

Acute obstruction of the central airways can occur due to foreign-body inhalation, mucus plugs, or blood clots. Airway obstruction due to blood clots is clinically suspected in a patient with acute respiratory failure if the patient has hemoptysis. However, one third of patients with acute endobronchial obstruction due to blood clots may present without obvious hemoptysis.1,2 Management involve...

The influence of self-heating by power dissipation on the operation of semiconductor devices proves to be important not only in the area of power electronics, but also for VLSI devices. Hence, besides the carrier densities (or quasi-Fermi potentials, alternatively), temperature has to be included as additional dynamic state variable in the simulation of the electric and thermal behavior of such...

This paper reports a technique for independent observation of nanometer-scale Joule heating and thermoelectric effects, using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based measurements of nanometer-scale temperature fields. When electrical current flows through nanoscale devices and contacts the temperature distribution is governed by both Joule and thermoelectric effects. When the device is driven by an...

Joule heating in single-walled carbon nanotubes CNTs using a quantum mechanical approach is presented in this paper. The modeling is based on the energy transfer between the electrons and both acoustic and optical phonons. In this formulation, only the knowledge of the full energy dispersion relation, phonon dispersion relation, and the electron-phonon coupling potential is required for the cal...

The ability of intermolecular potentials to correctly predict the thermodynamic properties of liquid water at a density of 0.998 g∕cm(3) for a wide range of temperatures (298-650 K) and pressures (0.1-700 MPa) is investigated. Molecular dynamics simulations are reported for the pressure, thermal pressure coefficient, thermal expansion coefficient, isothermal and adiabatic compressibilities, iso...

We use the Mayer sampling method, with both direct and overlap sampling, to calculate and compare classical virial coefficients up to B6 for various water models (SPC, SPC/E, MSPC/E, TIP3P, and TIP4P). The precision of the computed values ranges from 0.1% for B2 to an average of 25% for B6. When expressed in a form scaled by the critical properties, the values of the coefficients for SPC water ...

The genus Trypanidius Blanchard, 1846 includes 15 species in the Neotropical Region, nine of which occur in South America. In this contribution, the genus and South American species are redescribed and Trypanidius mimicavus sp. nov. is described from Bolivia. New distributional data are given for T. andicola Blanchard, 1846; T. dimidiatus Thomson, 1860; and T. notatus (Fabricius, 1787). All spe...

In this paper, the thermo-electro-structural coupledfield in a cracked metal plate is studied using the finite element analysis. From the computational results, the compressive stresses reveal near the crack tip. This conclusion agrees with the past reference. Furthermore, the compressive condition can retard and stop the crack growth during the Joule heating process. Keywords—Compressive stres...

Joule heating is resulted from inevitable volumetric heating when an electric field is applied across conducting media and it would impose limitations to the performance of electrokinetic microfluidic devices. In this paper, the Joule heating and its effects on electroosmotic flow (EOF) in PDMS microfluidic channels are reported. 3D numerical simulation of the Joule heating induced temperature ...