A novel concept of photoresponsive ion-selective optical sensor is described. Photochemical reactions can be utilized to generate and control ion fluxes in an ion-selective optode in the same manner as nonequilibrium electrochemical methods have been used in ion-selective electrodes. In contrast to their equilibrium counterparts, the photoresponsive pH-selective ion optodes are sensitive to bot...

Counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are usually fabricated by depositing catalytic materials on substrates. The poor adhesion of the catalytic material to the substrate often results in the exfoliation of catalytic materials, and then the deterioration of cell performance or even the failure of DSCs. In this study, a highly adhesive surface layer is in situ grown on th...

The cobaltabisdicarbollide anion is used as a new material able to generate an ion-pair complex used for PVC membrane ion selective electrodes.

This paper describes an automatic system which measures the effect of temperature variations on the response of ion-selective electrodes (hysteresis curves). The system is managed by a computer program which plots hysteresis curves following a pre-established temperature cycle, from setting and controlling the temperature of the water-bath, to acquiring the response potentials of up to five ele...

In recent years, ion-selective electrodes based on polymer membranes have been shown to exhibit detection limits that are often in the nanomolar concentration range, and thus drastically lower than traditionally accepted. Since potentiometry is less dependent on scaling laws that other established analytical techniques, their performance in confined sample volumes is explored here. Solid-contac...

The measurement of sulfide, especially hydrogen sulfide, has held the attention of the analytical community due to its unique physiological and pathophysiological roles in biological systems. Electrochemical detection offers a rapid, highly sensitive, affordable, simple, and real-time technique to measure hydrogen sulfide concentration, which has been a well-documented and reliable method. This...

The paper presents a new approach in the field of precise electrolytic conductivity measurements with planar thin- and thick-film electrodes. This novel measuring method was developed for measurement with comb-like electrodes called interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). Correction characteristics over a wide range of specific conductivities were determined from an interface impedance characterizati...

The dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion was generated by the action of HBF(4) or BF(3)⋅OEt(2) on the corresponding cycloheptadienynol complex, which in turn has been prepared in four steps from a known diacetoxycycloheptenyne complex. The reaction of the cycloheptadienynol complex via the dehydrotropylium-Co(2)(CO)(6) ion with several nucleophiles results in substitution reactions with reactive n...

The effect of phenols containing different electron-withdrawing substituents on the potentiometric responses of several liquid PVC membranes containing the complex trioctylmethylammonium-nitrate, TOMA(+)NO(3)(-), is analyzed. The results make it possible to separate these phenols into two groups; those phenols containing electron-releasing groups, which produce almost Nernstian slopes, and thos...

ion reaction is a hydroxo intermediate and a radical. Therefore, the obtained TS geometry is reasonable. In this view, the H atom at the active site should be closer to O atom than to the C atom. Inspection of the spin density of the RS and TS shows that there Figure 3-8. Visualization of spin densities in TS