Recent application of photo-ionization (PI) coupled with GC×GC-HRTOF/MS for authentic standard mix called century mix along with several groups of petrochemical samples demonstrated PI as an effective soft-ionization technique to characterize volatile mixtures particularly, hydrocarbons [1]. This soft-ionization technology was shown to enhance analyte speciation by providing both molecular ions...

As the number of systems which offer annotations on digital documents increases, robust anchoring of annotations is a key challenge. It is especially important if the annotator lacks write-access to the document being annotated. For example, if someone makes an annotation on a web page today and the web page changes tomorrow, what happens to the annotation? One approach is simply to “orphan” th...

Laboratory for Petroleum and Petrochemical Process Engineering was established as a part of the Petroleum and Petrochemical Department at the Faculty of Chemical engineering and Technology and it was officially opened on July 4, 2011, within the AMACIZ scientific colloquium. The Laboratory was founded with the goal of enabling the research and development of processes treating and refining petr...

With an evolving political environment of commitments to limit emissions of greenhouse gases, and of markets to trade in emissions permits, there is growing scientific, political, and economic need to accurately evaluate carbon (C) stocks and flows—especially those related to human activities. One component of the global carbon cycle that has been contentious is the stock of carbon that is phys...

Introduction An aromatics complex is a combination of process units that can be used to convert petroleum naphtha and pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) into the basic petrochemical intermediates: Benzene Toluene and Xylenes (BTX). Benzene is a versatile petrochemical building block used in the production of more than 250 different products. Ethylbenzene, cumene, and cyclohexane are the most important ...

Vanillin is one of the most commonly used natural products, which can also be produced from lignin-derived feedstocks. The chemical synthesis of vanillin is well-established in large-scale production from petrochemical-based starting materials. To overcome this problem, lignin-derived monomers (such as eugenol, isoeugenol, ferulic acid etc.) have been effectively used in the past few years. How...