Today large amounts of data are stored on tertiary storage media such as magnetic tapes and optical disks. DBMSs typically operate only on magnetic disks since they know how to maneuver disks and how to optimize accesses on them. Tertiary devices present a problem for DBMSs since these devices have dismountable media and have very diier-ent operational characteristics compared to magnetic disks...

Non-contact tension measurement of magnetic tape is performed. Light from a focussed light source is directed at a tape surface and the light reflected from the tape is captured by a photo cell. As the tape tension varies, the divergence of the reflected light bundle changes, i.e., the amount of light seen by the photo cell is a measure for the tension in the tape. Using this noncontact tension...

The IBM Virtual Tape Server provides a revolutionary tape storage solution that emulates tape drives using a disk cache, providing up to 256 virtual tape-drive images and stacking the virtual tape volumes onto a maximum of 12 physical tape drives. The high ratio of virtual to physical drives, combined with the stacking of virtual volumes, provides tape storage that is both costand space-efficie...

Lateral tape motion (LTM) is a function of tape path and tape properties, design parameters such as speed, tension, and friction between tape and tape path components. This investigation deals with the LTM of a tape moving over the surface of a cylindrical guide. Starting from the equation of motion for a moving tape on a cylindrical guide surface, the effects of friction, tape properties and d...

Background: Manual muscle testing (MMT) is a non-invasive assessment method used by a variety of manual therapists to evaluate neuromusculoskeletal integrity. Goodheart developed a technique, Applied Kinesiology, where muscles are tested, not to evaluate muscular strength, but neural control. Following Goodheart’s work, a third type of MMT emerged, often referred to colloquially as ‘‘muscle tes...

Abstract Transfemoral amputees (TAs) have difficulty in mobility during walking, such as restricted movement of lower extremity and body instability, yet few transfemoral prostheses explored human-like multiple motion characteristics by simple structures to fit the kinesiology, biomechanics, stability human extremity. In this work, configurations prosthetic mechanism are synthesized terms lower...

Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice have been widely used in various research fields including toxicology, oncology, pharmacology, and pharmaceutical product safety testing for decades. However, annual tendency of research papers involving ICR mice in various biomedical fields has not been previously analyzed. In this study, we examined the numbers of papers that used ICR mice as experiment...