Endoscopic submucosal dissection tech− niques using an insulated−tip knife (IT knife) were introduced several years ago to allow en−bloc resection of early gastric cancers, since histological evaluations are essential in order to assess the risk of lymph−node metastasis [1, 2]. However, the technique requires special skills and involves a prolonged procedural time. We have therefore developed a...

Gamma Knife has become a major therapeutic method for intracranial meningiomas, vascular malformations and schwannomas with exact effect. In recent years an increasing number of delayed complications after Gamma Knife surgery have been reported, such as secondary tumors, cystic changes or cyst formation. But angiomatous lesion and delayed cyst formation after Gamma Knife for intracranial lesion...

introduction polymer gel dosimeters offer a practical solution to 3d dose verification for conventional radiotherapy as well as intensity-modulated and stereotactic radiotherapy. in this study, egsnrc calculated and pagat polymer gel dosimeter measured dose profiles from single shot irradiation with 18 mm collimator of gamma knife in homogeneous and inhomogeneous phantoms were compared with eac...

In this paper, we introduce the use of microscale schlieren technique to measure mixing inhomogeneity in a microfluidic device. The microscale schlieren system is constructed from a Hoffman modulation contrast microscope, which provides easy access to the rear focal plane of the objective lens, by removing the slit plate and replacing the modulator with a knife-edge. The working principle of mi...

The transverse harvest knife, also commonly called the finger or finger-bladed knife, has been utilized by rice farmers in southeast Asia for many centuries. The finger knife persisted in many traditional cultures long after the introduction of the sickle, a tool which provided farmers with the means to execute a much faster harvest. Several theories in interpretative archaeology have attempted...

OBJECTIVE Recent post-mortem studies indicate that 30-40% of patients with clinically diagnosed progressive aphasia (PA) have Alzheimer's disease pathology, while the remainder have pathology in the FTD spectrum. This study aimed to compare the clinical features of patients from these two groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted on 33 pathologically verified PA...

All organisms are composed of multiple chemical elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and carbon (C). P is essential to build nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and N is needed for protein production. To keep track of the mismatch between the P requirement in the consumer (grazer) and the P content in the provider (producer), stoichiometric models have been constructed to explicitly incorpora...

We experienced two cases of esophageal web accompanying severe stricture that were treated by endoscopic incisions with an insulated-tip knife (IT-knife). With attention paid to the mucosa at the stricture, the lesion was incised with an IT-knife without complications. Sato's curved laryngoscope was used even in cervical esophageal lesions and an excellent field was secured.

Background and Aim Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a technically demanding procedure. Recently, a new triangular knife with integrated water jet function (TTJ) has been introduced. The present study was aimed to analyze and compare the operating time, efficacy, and adverse events (AEs) between the conventional (TT knife) and new knife (TTJ). Patients and Methods All patients with achalas...