E conomic integration among countries has continued to deepen over the past decade. This is especially visible at the regional level, with the escalation of Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs) ranging from Free Trade Areas (FTAs) to Customs Unions (CUs). Nowadays, many developing countries have entered a new regional integration agreement with developed and developing countries. S...

This paper assesses the long-run bilateral trade relations between the US and Mexico. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) had no additional impacts on import functions. Gradual switching existed even before the agreement became effective. © 2002 Society for Policy Modeling. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: F13; C22

The last technical barriers to trade(TBT) between countries are Non-Tariff Barriers(NTBs), meaning all trade barriers are possible other than Tariff Barriers. And the most typical examples are (TBT), which refer to measure Technical Regulation, Standards, Procedure for Conformity Assessment, Test & Certification etc. Therefore, in order to eliminate TBT, WTO has made all membership countries au...

In recent years, the trading contact between China and South Korea has become more and more close. In the 21st anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea 2013, China has become South Korea’s largest export market and largest import market. At the same time, South Korea has become China’s fourth largest exporter and second largest importer of foreign t...

A with South Korea and Japan, the Philippines were granted an exemption from the removal of quotas on rice imports in 1995 under Annex 5 of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement. This exemption was to expire in mid 2005, but an extension is currently under negotiation. We examine the poverty impacts of both a Doha agreement and free world trade, combined with the elimination of domestic ...