In this paper, we perform an experimental study to investigate directional variograms in punctual kriging and consequently its effect on image restoration. We employ punctual kriging in conjunction with fuzzy logic typeII and fuzzy smoothing based approaches to remove white Gaussian noise from corrupted images. Images degraded with Gaussian white noise are restored by first utilizing fuzzy logi...

Re-injection of produced geothermal water for pressure support is a common practice in geothermal field management. The location selection of the reinjection well and the rate of injection is a challenging subject for geothermal reservoir engineers. The goal of optimization for this type of problem is usually to find one or more combinations of geothermal re-injection well locations that will m...

In this paper, Kriging has been chosen as the method for surrogate construction. The basic idea behind Kriging is to use a weighted linear combination of known function values to predict a function value at a place where it is not known. Kriging attempts to determine the best combination of weights in order to minimize the error in the estimated function value. Because the actual function value...

Estimation of gold reserves and resources has been of interest to mining engineers and geologists for ages. The existence of outlier values shows the economic part of the deposits subject to the fact that don’t depend on the human or technical errors. The presence of these high values causes a pseudo dramatically increment in variance estimation of economical blocks when applying conventional m...

Recent enhanced urbanization and industrialization in China have greatly influenced soil Cu content. To better understand the magnitude of Cu contamination in soil, it is essential to understand its spatial distribution and estimate its values at unsampled points. However, Kriging often can not achieve satisfactory estimates when soil Cu data have weak spatial dependence. The proposed classific...

This paper presents two novel kriging-based methods to measure the uncertainty associated with geostatistical estimates. Both approaches combine Kriging Variance (KV), which is a good summary of spatial configuration data, second component locally measures data dispersion. The first proposed method, referred as Combined Index (CI), merges KV local conditional distribution estimated by median In...

From 1992 to 1999, we analyzed >2.5 million cases of influenzalike illness (ILI). Nationwide influenza epidemics generally lasted 3-4 months in winter. Kriging analysis, which illustrates geographic movement, showed that the starting areas of peak ILI activity were mostly found in western Japan. Two spreading patterns, monotonous and multitonous, were observed. Monotonous patterns in two season...

Updating the structural model of complex structures is time-consuming due to the large size of the finite element model (FEM). Using conventional methods for these cases is computationally expensive or even impossible. A two-level method, which combined the Kriging predictor and the component mode synthesis (CMS) technique, was proposed to ensure the successful implementing of FEM updating of l...

Through the monitoring network for cultivated land quality in county area, distribution and changing trend of the quality should be reflected. Besides, the quality of non-sampled locations should also be estimated with the data of sampling points. Due to the correlation among spatial samples, traditional methods such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling and systematic sampling are ine...

To analyze the input/output behavior of simulation models with multiple responses, we may apply either univariate or multivariate Kriging (Gaussian process) metamodels. In multivariate Kriging we face a major problem: the covariance matrix of all responses should remain positive-definite; we therefore use the recently proposed “nonseparable dependence” model. To evaluate the performance of univ...