Keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) can be cultured in vitro and are thus attractive epidermal sheet gene therapies for genodermatoses. However, the growth expansion culture of primary keratinocytes (including KSCs) inefficient as KSCs isolated from skin biopsies dissociated their surrounding extracellular matrix undergo apoptotic cell death, known anoikis. This affects survival stemness KSCs, hinde...

Background: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have a prognostic value in several types of diseases such as cancers and they vary in different races. So, we aimed to evaluate the normal range of these markers among healthy people to determine the normal value in Iranian population. Methods: In the present study, cross-sectiona...

An indicator of bypassing is a premature drop in gas-oil ratio; i.e., earlier than expected collapse of gas saturation. Early gas collapse (water fillup) may indicate that channeling has occurred. In layered reservoirs with no or little vertical crossflow, water injection in an initially depressurized layer will cause GOR to drop rapidly. Often naturally fractured reservoirs exhibit fast gas co...

Odds ratio (OR) is a statistic commonly encountered in professional or scientific medical literature. Most readers perceive it as relative risk (RR), although most of them do not know why that would be true. But since such perception is mostly correct, there is nothing (or almost nothing) wrong with that. It is nevertheless useful to be reminded now and then what is the relation between the rel...

PurposeTo provide a guideline curriculum related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), for the education and training of European Medical Physicists (MPs).Materials methodsThe proposed consists two levels: Basic (introducing MPs pillars knowledge, development applications AI, in context medical imaging radiation therapy) Advanced. Both are common subspecialties (diagnostic interventional radiology, ...

In intact (type A) chloroplasts isolated from mesophyll protoplasts of maize (Zea mays L. convar. KSC 360) the flash-induced 515 nanometer absorbance change was much higher than in conventionally prepared (types B and C) chloroplasts. The 515 nanometer signal of type A chloroplasts exhibited a biphasic rise: the initial very fast rise (rise time <<1 millisecond) was followed by a slow increase ...