This paper aims to investigate interactions between the Kurds and development agents in the field of sustainable development. The theoretical approach of the research is based on modernization theories. Research methodology is qualitative, with an emphasis on grounded theory. Data was collected through depth interviews, participant observation, document and secondary analysis. In the field of p...

Identity and collective memory is one of the fascinating subjects in modern sociology. In Iran, it arose again as modern and government-nation discourse emerged, and has been endlessly discussed since then. Such subjects have assumed an increasing importance due to the multi-cultural and multi-ethical existence of Iranian society and recent global developments. Accordingly, the present study ha...

academic writing ability is an important goal that learners of english as a second language (esl) or english as a foreign language (efl) try to attain. while esl students’ academic writings have been widely explored, owing to few studies investigating appraisal resources in efl students’ argumentative writing, the gap still exists about efl students’ academic writing. this study aimed to see ho...

today in multilingual contexts, many parents prefer to rear their children in the dominant language rather than in their mother tongue. this phenomenon is widespread among native speakers of kalhuri dialect of the kurdish language in the multilingual context of iran, too. nevertheless, some studies have evidenced the privilege of bilinguals in learning an additional language though some others ...

This study deals with how the Kurdish question was evaluated from a radical Islamist perspective and aims to reveal approach adopted by Islamism in Turkey towards issue during 1980s 1990s. argues that there is direct relationship between ideas of Islamists on nation-state nationalism, they adopt question, which national an ethno-political content. Between 1980-2002, Turkey, categorically oppose...