Clinically achievable concentrations of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 0.16-0.32 nM) and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA; 0.5-1 micro M) had a synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth of cultured LNCaP prostate cancer cells, and apoptosis was markedly stimulated. In additional studies, NCr immunodeficient mice received s.c. injection with LNCaP cells in Matrigel. After 4-6 weeks, m...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a legume of Fabaceae family whose grains are rich in proteins, total dietary fiber, unsaturated lipids, minerals and bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. Therefore, chickpea flour can be an attractive high nutritional complement to wheat for the formulation composite breads. In present study, thermal rheological characteristics chickpea–wheat dough obt...

Plasminogen activator (PA) and PA inhibitor (PAI) antigen, activity, and mRNA were analyzed in the three layers of rat aorta, and the effect of endotoxin on PA and PAI was studied. All PA activity in aorta was identified as tissue-type PA (TPA) activity; no urokinase-type PA was detected. In the tunica adventitia TPA activity, TPA antigen, and TPA mRNA were detected, whereas in the tunica media...

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) plays important roles in the brain after excitotoxic injury. It is released by both neurons and microglia and mediates neuronal death and microglial activation. Mice lacking tPA are resistant to excitotoxicity and show very limited microglial activation. Activated microglia are neurotoxic in culture, but this phenomenon is not well documented in vivo. To furth...

The present study was performed to investigate involvement of protein kinase C in the biphasic effects of 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on cell morphology in low calcium (0.07 HIM(-grown cells of a human epidermal squamous cell carcinoma cell line. The low calciumgrown cells formed no desmosomal cell-cell contact and showed roughly circular arrangements of keratin intermediate fila...

INTRODUCTION Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) is a globally recommended treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients. We examined IV tPA use among patients aged 18-64 years with a primary diagnosis acute ischemic stroke in the US and inpatient costs per hospitalization by IV tPA use status among these patients. METHODS Using 2010-2013 MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounte...

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) injected i.p. inhibits remarkably and in a dose-dependent manner 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-decreased glutathione (GSH) peroxidase and TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activities in mouse epidermis in vivo. DDTC is more potent in inhibiting these effects of TPA than 16 other antioxidants, free radical scavengers, thiol-containing compounds,...

Mice lacking the serine protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) are resistant to excitotoxin-mediated hippocampal neuronal degeneration. We have used genetic and cellular analyses to study the role of tPA in neuronal cell death. Mice deficient for the zymogen plasminogen, a known substrate for tPA, are also resistant to excitotoxins, implicating an extracellular proteolytic cascade in degen...

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) regulates physiological processes in the brain, such as learning and memory, and plays a critical role in neuronal survival and neuroinflammation in pathological conditions. Here we demonstrate, by combining mouse in vitro and in vivo data, that tPA is an important element of the cross talk between neurons and astrocytes. The data show that tPA released b...