a six month old male hamster living in a colony of hamster in the animal house of urmia university, urmia, iran, was found with restlessness and circling signs. the clinical examination revealed symptoms and signs of encephalitis. therefore microbiological and histopathologic studies were conducted after euthanizing the animal. finally, the results of laboratory tests demonstrated listeria mono...

Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is a common health problem in pharmaceutical research workers. The aetiology of LAA is well established and it is generally accepted that approximately one-third of exposed people may develop symptoms of LAA—see review articles [1,2]. The most common symptoms are rhinitis, conjunctivitis and contact urticaria; ~10% of workers may experience the most serious sympt...

Introduction: There is not much data on parasitic infections of laboratory animals that are kept in conventional conditions in Iran. The present study was designed to investigate intestinal helminths infections in laboratory colonies of rats and mice. Methods: Droppings from 110 mice and 110 rats (each animal one dropping) belonging to experimental and breeding groups in four animal houses were...

After the adoption of Directive 2010/63/EU, harmonisation and mutual recognition of education and training (E&T) programmes in laboratory animal science are important assets for pan-European scientific exchange and mobility of personnel. Education and training are important contributors to the 3Rs and are aimed at increasing the quality of both animal welfare and science. With this in mind, the...

This article elaborates a local history of zoo feeding practices in order to shed light on the construction knowledge at zoo, its intersection with laboratory developments life sciences, and nature sciences. It relies case studies two oldest zoological gardens world-the Jardin des Plantes Ménagerie Paris (1793) London Zoological Gardens (1828)-both which formed parts major scientific institutio...

In response to public outrage stemming from exposés of animal abuse in research laboratories, the US Congress in 1985 mandated Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs) to oversee animal use at institutions receiving federal grants. IACUCs were enjoined to respect public concern about the treatment of animals in research, but they were not specifically instructed whether or not to p...

The propensity to show moral behaviour has evolved in all animals living in complex societies as it promotes social stability. All major religions provide a structure for a moral code. The code is valuable in the societies where the religions have influence. The most important aspects of morality are the same in all countries. Because of their moral code, people consider that they have obligati...