In recent years, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has improved the treatment of sinus disorders. However, various orbital complications have been reported, including optic nerve damage, orbital hemorrhage, infection, lacrimal drainage system injury, and strabismus. Complications are rare but may cause severe morbidity. We describe two patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery pr...

Histologic changes in lacrimal glands of vitamin A-deficient (A-) and pair-fed control rats were compared. In A- lacrimal glands, secretory granules were strikingly diminished, and rough endoplasmic reticulum appeared somewhat atrophic. Nuclei of acinar cells were hyperchromatic and pleomorphic. Using alcian blue-PAS, no positive staining was present in acini of A- lacrimal glands, whereas in c...

Purpose To describe a case of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related dacyroadenitis presenting as bilateral chorioretinal folds from eyeball compression by massively enlarged lacrimal glands. Observations A 51-year-old woman with severely enlarged bilateral lacrimal glands was diagnosed as having IgG4-related dacryoadenitis. The glands strongly compressed the globes, forming chorioretinal folds res...

PURPOSE To compare success rates of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and endoscopic endonasal DCR for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). DESIGN Historical cohort study. PARTICIPANTS 100 patients who underwent external DCR and 105 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal DCR. METHODS A retrospective review of medical records of patients with acquired NLDO who underwent D...

A variety of proteins have been identified in tears, which are composed of secretions from all the orbital glands. It has been assumed that the lacrimal gland was the source of these proteins because there is indirect evidence that the lacrimal gland can secrete protein in response to cholinergic stimulation. In the present study, the concentration of protein was determined in lacrimal gland fl...

The lacrimal apparatus The lacrimal system consists of: 1Secretory portion: Comprises the following: aThe lacrimal gland: Which is divided into palpebral (Aqueoussecretion) (near the temporal aspect of upper eyelid) and orbital (near the eyeball) lobes, and it is situated in the upper temporal angle of the orbit. bAccessory lacrimal glands: glands of Krause and glands of wolfring. cMeibomian gl...

We employed a monoclonal antibody to cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) to assess the presence and localization of this retinoid-binding protein in the lacrimal gland of the rat. Immunoblots of extracts of rat lacrimal gland showed specific immunostaining of lacrimal CRABP in the region 14-16 kDa. Sections of rat lacrimal glands that were stained with anti-CRABP antibodies showed re...

Qualitative and quantitative abnormalities in primary components of the tear can alter the dynamics of the lacrimal film, compromising its function. Lipids, an aqueous fraction and mucoproteins constitute the lacrimal film. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a disease commonly diagnosed in dogs. It is characterized by the deficiency of the aqueous fraction in the lacrimal film that results in ...

In order to determine the source of the retinol which has been identified in the tear fluid, the lacrimal gland ducts of rabbits and rats were cannulated and the collected lacrimal gland fluid was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Retinol was identified in the lacrimal gland fluid of rabbits and rats, and it is concluded that the lacrimal gland is the source of retinol in the ...

Blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a complex eyelid malformation characterized by the classical tetrad of blepharophimosis, telecanthus, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus. It has been reported to be associated with other ocular anomalies such as euryblepharon, strabismus, nystagmus, amblyopia, microphthalmos, lacrimal drainage apparatus abnormality, extra ocular muscle...