Ruminal lactic acidosis is a condition that arises in ruminants due to the ingestion of excess quantities of easily digestible grains leading to diarrhea, anorexia and physiological derangements which can be fatal in severe cases. A clinical case of cow with history of rice flour ingestion showing signs of acute ruminal lactic acidosis was managed. The pH of ruminal fluid was 5.1. The number of...

Myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a multisystem clinical syndrome manifested by mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and recurrent stroke-like episodes. A 27-year-old female with MELAS syndrome presented with cerebral infarction. Echocardiography revealed a thrombus attached to the apex of the hypertrophied left ventricle, with decr...

Cerebral malaria (CM) is the major life-threatening complication of Plasmodium falciparum infecti0n.A prominent clinical feature of human CM is increased lactate in both brain and cerebrospinal fluid, with sustained lactic acidosis being an important prognostic indicator. To investigate whether DCA, an activator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, ameliorates lactic acidosis in the murine mo...

Mauriac syndrome is a rare disorder that can present with the single feature of glycogenic hepatopathy in children and adults with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. An often underrecognized finding of glycogenic hepatopathy is lactic acidosis and hyperlactatemia. Primary treatment of glycogenic hepatopathy is improved long-term blood glucose control. Resolution of symptoms and hepatomegaly w...

Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic respiratory disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Short-acting beta 2-agonists induce bronchodilation and usually are prescribed as a rescue medication. They are recognized as a cause of hyperlactatemia and, less frequently, lactic acidosis. Short-acting beta 2-agonists are also known for their potentially adverse cardiovascular effects, such as at...

The measurement of blood lactate in people has proven to be a useful tool in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of a wide range of clinical syndromes. Its use in small animals is increasing, and several studies have been completed that demonstrate its potential role in critical care. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the physiology and pathophysiology of lac...

Introduction Metformin is frequently used by type II diabetics. A rare complication of its use is metformin associated lactic acidosis (MALA). This condition is often accompanied by extreme metabolic acidosis and hemodynamic instability for which ICU treatment is mandatory. Guidelines advice intermittent hemodialysis for correction of metabolic acidosis and to clear metformin. However, haemodyn...

MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial cytopathy, encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke like episodes) is a syndrome in which signs and symptoms of gastro-intestinal disease are uncommon, if not rare. We describe a young female patient who presented as an acute surgical emergency, diagnosed as toxic mega colon necessitating an emergency total colectomy; the diagnosis of MELAS syndrome was made p...

Thiamine plays a fundamental role in cellular metabolism. The classical syndrome caused by thiamine deficiency is beriberi, and its fulminant variant, once considered an uncommon finding, is now encountered among the critically ill.We present a case series of four critically ill non-septic non-alcoholic patients with severe lactic acidosis and refractory cardio-circulatory collapse caused by ac...

Robergs, Robert A., Farzenah Ghiasvand, and Daryl Parker. Biochemistry of exercise-induced metabolic acidosis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287: R502–R516, 2004; 10.1152/ajpregu.00114.2004.—The development of acidosis during intense exercise has traditionally been explained by the increased production of lactic acid, causing the release of a proton and the formation of the acid salt s...