In this paper we propose and demonstrate a simple method for navigation in a large unstructured environment that contains featureless objects, which uses \isolated" landmarks in the navigator's view. The map-maker and navigator are implemented using an IBM 7575 SCARA robot arm, the PIPE (Pipelined Image Processing Engine), and two cameras. The navigational environment consists of a at plane wit...

Localization with landmarks is a recurrent problem in robotics. In order to perceive the environment, robots are often equipped with some exteroceptive sensors (such as camera, laser range finder, etc). One way of using these sensors for localization is to detect some features in the environment and to use them as landmarks. In this paper, we present how we tackle the complete set up of a fast,...

For certain experiments in mobile robotics, it is convenient to eliminate positional estimation error in the interest of analyzing other parts of the experiment. We designed and implemented a simple, accurate scheme for encoding and recovering absolute position information. The encoding is a two-dimensional image printed on the plane of the floor, and the absolute position information is recove...

A system is described which automatically identifies cephalometric landmarks on digital cephalometric radiographs. The accuracy of the automated system in identifying nineteen cephalometric landmarks is assessed. The accuracy obtained with the automated system is less than that of manual tracing. The automated system has particular difficulty in identifying landmarks which lie on poorly defined...

Unlabelled shape analysis is a challenging and complex problem, with many applications. Consider two configurations of unlabelled “landmarks” in d-dimensions, and suppose that after some transformation, subsets of each set of landmarks can be closely aligned. The objective is to find the transformation and the corresponding pairing or matching function between the two subsets of landmarks. Usin...

We present a stereo vision based global self-localization strategy for tiny autonomous mobile robots in a well-known dynamic environment. Global localization is required for an initial startup or when the robot loses track of its pose during navigation. Existing approaches are based on dense range scans, active beacon systems, artificial landmarks, bearing measurements using omni-directional ca...

Stephen Westaby. 683 pp. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 1998. $150.00. ISBN 1-899066-54-3. During the 20th century, cardiac surgery emerged from the realm of conjecture and speculation into the clinical arena, upstaging less dramatic forms of surgery and winning widespread acclaim for its practitioners. The first cardiac operations were desperate procedures, undertaken mainly to treat bat...

INTRODUCTION In this study, we compared the precision of landmark identification using displays of multi-planar cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) volumes and conventional lateral cephalograms (Ceph). METHODS Twenty presurgical orthodontic patients were radiographed with conventional Ceph and CBCT techniques. Five observers plotted 24 landmarks using computer displays of multi-planer recon...

Routing problem has been studied for decades. In this paper, we focus on one of the routing problems: finding a path from source to destination on road network with the guidance of landmarks. People use landmarks to identify previously visited places and reoriented themselves in the environment. When people give direction instructions for other people, they also like to refer to landmarks. In t...

Hippocampal neurons are selectively active when a rat occupies restricted locations in an environment. These place cells derive their specificity from a multitude of sources, including idiothetic cues and sensory input derived from both distal and local landmarks. Most experiments have attempted to dissociate the relative strengths and roles played by these sources by rotating one set against t...