There are many local fragmentation metrics, but most can be grouped into four types (composition/area, isolation, edge, and shape), none of them alone determines the degree a patch. Here, we together main metrics (area, shape, isolation) in order to propose new metric/index, Patch Fragmentation Index (PFI), with which determine at patch scale. The index was subsequently verified Ecuadorian seas...

The accuracy of the Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) data derived from remote sensing images is critical for many applications. Classification error is caused by the interaction of numerous factors, including landscape characteristics, sensor resolution, spectral overlap, preprocessing algorithms, and classification procedures. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of landscape characte...

Late preterm infants (LPI) represent a growing population with own peculiar vulnerabilities; only recently attention has been focused on the impact of late preterm birth on child health, in order to define short and long-term outcomes [1,2]. LPI are physiologically and metabolically immature; they are at higher risk than term infants of developing medical complications, resulting in greater rat...

The degradation rate of Mediterranean steppes, especially in North Africa is 1% per year, and this considered a high  rate of degradation. This study conducted in 2014 in the south slope of the Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, northeast Libya to quantify the vegetation recovery rate and assess selected Vegetation Indices (VIs) for mapping rangelands degradation status using remote sensing technology. Throug...

in the last few years, public awareness has been on the increase about short- and long-term effects of forest roads construction on the environment. therefore, forest road managers have to be concerned about the negative impacts and mitigate them as much as possible. this research conducted multi-criteria analysis techniques in a useful way to define the effective criteria and propose a model f...

Background: Fatal road accidents are among the most important causes of mortality in the world; Iran has one of the world’s highest accident fatality rates. Therefore, it is important to have efficient pre-hospital emergency services. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to assess the road emergency sites (RECs) in Iran. Materials and Methods: Provincial data were used for this purpose. C...

Climate change is increasing the risk of drought to forested ecosystems. Although drought impacts are often anecdotally noted to occur in discrete patches of high canopy mortality, the landscape effects of drought disturbances have received virtually no study. This study characterized the landscape configuration of drought impact patches and investigated the relationships between patch characte...

Analysis of long-term data on the state populations entomofauna in agricultural landscapes is practical importance for determining feasibility chemical protection agroecosystems. Through example species a harmful entomological complex winter wheat different natural and climatic zones Ukraine, dynamics population size insects under global warming indicator living planet index (LPI) have been stu...