A carbon black transference technique was used to determine the contact area in twenty-three dissected tibiotalar articulations, with the talus in neutral position and displaced one, two, four, and six millimeters laterally. The greatest reduction in contact area occurred during the initial one millimeter of lateral displacement, the average reduction being 42 per cent. With further lateral dis...

Currently, there is no objective indicator for surgical procedures in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine the severity of damage to the retinacula of Weitbrecht based on the type of femoral neck fracture, anatomical and clinical observations. Data from 44 patients treated with artificial femoral head replacement were analyzed for the associat...

PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the degree of biceps anchor displacement that occurs when specific zones of the superior labrum are detached from the glenoid. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Twelve cadaveric scapulae with intact labrums were prepared by removing the surrounding musculature with the labrum, biceps anchor, and biceps tendon carefully preserved. Pulley...

New comb drives using high stiffness ratio springs are designed and modeled to provide capabilities of large static displacement and continuous motion for applications, such as micro XY stage, two dimensional lens scanner, variable optical attenuator, and optical switch, etc. The maximum static displacement of conventional comb drive is constrained by the side sticking effect of comb finger ele...

Background: Ankle arthrodesis is the gold standard and most commonly used method for the treatment of post-traumatic ankle arthritis. Aims: This study is to investigate the biomechanical safety and stability of four ankle fusion models through three-dimensional finite element analysis. Methods: Four ankle fusion models were established, including anterior plate ankle fusion model, lateral plate...

Eight participants were presented with auditory or visual targets and then indicated the target's remembered positions relative to their head eight seconds after actively moving their eyes, head or body to pull apart head, retinal, body, and external space reference frames. Remembered target position was indicated by repositioning sounds or lights. Localization errors were found related to head...

Nakayama and Tyler (1981) disentangled the use of pure motion (speed) information from spatial displacement information for the detection of lateral motion. They showed that when positional cues were removed the contribution of motion or spatial information was dependent on the temporal frequency: for temporal frequencies lower than 1Hz the mechanism used to detect motion relied on speed inform...

The objectives of this study were to figure out the prevalence of sideways disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in symptom-free volunteers and to compare signal. The study was based on bilateral Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of 112 joints in 56 symptom-free volunteers. Sideways displacements were identified as medial disc displacement (MDD) and lateral disc displacement (LDD...