in this paper, our purpose is twofold. firstly, the tensor andresiduum operations on $l-$nested systems are introduced under thecondition of complete residuated lattice. then we show that$l-$nested systems form a complete residuated lattice, which isprecisely the classical isomorphic object of complete residuatedpower set lattice. thus the new representation theorem of$l-$subsets on complete re...

Thin copper films on silicon constitute model systems to investigate the influence of lattice strain on activity in heterogeneous catalysis. Thin copper films on silicon were investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) to reveal the effect of strain in the copper films on the electronic structure of the surface. For cleaned and adsorbate-free surfaces, no effect of strain on th...

The effects of stress-induced lattice distortions (strain) on the conductivity of Y-doped BaZrO3, a high-temperature proton conductor with key technological applications for sustainable electrochemical energy conversion, are studied. Highly ordered epitaxial thin films are grown in different strain states while monitoring the stress generation and evolution in situ. Enhanced proton conductivity...

Misfit-induced crystallographic alignment of elastic dipoles oxygen vacancies enhances anisotropic lattice strain beyond the misfit magnitude and raises inhomogeneous in epitaxial perovskite oxide films.

Wood is a natural composite material with a complex multi-scale structure. Its stiffness is mainly due to crystalline cellulose fibrils reinforcing the cell walls. In order to quantify the contribution of cellulose to wood elastic properties in both tension and compression, the change in cellulose (004) lattice spacing (cellulose crystal strain) was measured by X-ray diffraction during a bendin...

A theory of solid-state fusion based on the interaction between D and He ion band states within a host lattice is presented. Formation of ion band-state deuterium is thermo-dynamically favored when lattice strain energy is greater than the incremental chemical potential of the band state. The key fusion step is a coalescence fluctuation that converts a twofold occupation state of electrostatic ...

X-ray standing waves measurements have been performed on a set of six InAsPJhP superlallices exhibiting a wide range of lattice strain values and on both the (002) and (004) reflections. The objective was to assess the XSW technique as a structural probe in superlattices. For samples with perpendicular lattice misfit less than 1.5% we f i d clear XSW modulations in the As fluorescence; this sig...

Geometric phase analysis has been applied to high resolution aberration corrected (scanning) transmission electron microscopy images of InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) materials. We show quantitatively how the lattice mismatch induced strain varies on the atomic scale and tetragonally distorts the lattice in a wide region that extends several nm into the GaAs spacer layer below and above the QDs. Fi...

We report an unexpected mechanism by which an epitaxial interface can form between materials having strongly mismatched lattice constants. A simple model is proposed in which one material tilts out of the interface plane to create a coincidence-site lattice that balances two competing geometrical criteria--low residual strain and short coincidence-lattice period. We apply this model, along with...