Hyperammonemia and sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle) are consistent abnormalities in cirrhosis and portosystemic shunting. We have shown that muscle ubiquitin-proteasome components are not increased with hyperammonemia despite sarcopenia. This suggests that an alternative mechanism of proteolysis contributes to sarcopenia in cirrhosis. We hypothesized that autophagy could be this alternative...

BACKGROUND Oridonin (ORI) could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. However, the mechanism is not fully understood. METHODS Human prostate cancer (HPC) cells were cultured in vitro and cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 assay. The ultrastructure changes were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). Chemical staining with acridine or...

Timosaponin A-III (TAIII), a saponin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, exhibits potent cytotoxicity and has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent. Here, we provide evidence that TAIII induces autophagy in HeLa cells followed by apoptotic cell death. TAIII-induced autophagy was morphologically characterized by the formation of membrane-bound autophagic vacuol...

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and invasive disease, particularly, in the elderly. S. lung infection aged mice associated with high bacterial burdens detrimental inflammatory responses. Macrophages can clear microorganisms modulate inflammation through two distinct lysosomal trafficking pathways that involve 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-marked organelles, canonical autoph...

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms of hypospadias induced by in utero exposure to din-butyl phthalate (DBP). METHODS Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 750 mg/kg of DBP by gavage from GD (gestation days) 13 to GD 18, whereas control group received corn oil. Genital tubercles (GTs) and blood samples were collected from male fetuses on GD 19. The serum testosterone concentrat...

OBJECTIVE Autophagy is a process for turnover of intracellular organelles and molecules that protects cells during stress responses. We undertook this study to evaluate the potential roles of Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), an inducer of autophagy, Beclin1, a regulator of autophagy, and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), which executes autophagy, in the development of osteoarthr...

The ability to regulate mitophagy in living system with small molecules remains a great challenge. We hypothesize that adding fragments specific the key autophagosome protein LC3 mitochondria will...

Background: Clinical studies have indicated that exercise activity and supplementation may different effects on the immune system health. The present study aimed to determine effect of sesame interval training heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression light chain 3-I (LC3-I) proteins among inactive, middle-aged men. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial quasi-experimental which was con...

Concrete surface resistivity can be measured non-destructively, providing an indirect measurement of microstructural development which related to strength development. However, relating and challenging for limestone calcined clay cements (LC3) since they contain mineral components varying composition reactivity. In this study LC3 formulations, concrete until 56 days hydration mortar compressive...

In order to reveal the effect of curing agent ratio variable and age on zinc heavy metal contaminated soil solidified by cement-metakaolin-limestone (LC3) ternary mixture, artificial were used simulate solidification soil. Through a series laboratory tests, change rules unconfined compressive strength electrical conductivity after analyzed. It is found that with increase age, stronger is, lower...