In this paper, we model a recent legal case as presented in a court of first instance using argument schemes and an argumentation framework, providing a formal analysis of the case and how the outcome was determined. The paper contributes to the body of literature that formally analyses legal cases in terms of arguments and argument schemes. It is novel in that we analyse a case in a court of f...

The Islamic Republic of Iran has a long history of medicine. The principles derived from core Islamic teachings provide a comprehensive moral, ethical, and legal framework for the practice of medicine. The issue of brain death has significant impact on the procurement of organs from cadavers. It is a major subject of debate and interest to bioscientists, legal experts, religious scholars, and t...

Privacy and data protection are pivotal issues in the nowadays society. They concern the right to prevent dissemination of sensitive or confidential information of individuals. Many studies have been proposed on this topic from various perspectives, namely sociological, economic, legal, and technological. We have recognized the legal perspective as being the basis of all other perspectives. Act...

Mental health professionals, like other professionals involved in family matters, feel constrained when advocating for the interests of children by the belief that parents are entitled to custody and control of their children's lives, regardless of what others may think of their parenting behavior, absent severe harm to the children. This belief is morally untenable, and the legal doctrine of p...

We analyze the determinants of effective legal institutions (legality) using data from 49 countries. We show that the way the law was initially transplanted and received is a more important determinant than the supply of law from a particular legal family. Countries that have developed legal orders internally, adapted the transplanted law, and/or had a population that was already familiar with ...

Holmes is concerned with a conflict between law and medicine about the problem of psychopathy, in particular as it relates to homicide. He looks for a consistent set of legal principles based on a variety of medical concepts and in doing so criticises the court for its commonsense approach, its disregard for medical evidence and for employing lay notions of responsibility and illness. This comm...

South Africa has one of the worlds most advanced environmental legal frameworks entrenched with the environmental right to “ecologically sustainable development”. Numerous tools, including environmental impact assessment (EIA), are made available within the legal framework as listed in the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA). EIAs have proven useful tools towards achieving sustainabili...

. In the ESPRIT project CLIME (25.414) we are building a “Legal Information Server” (LIS), an advanced legal information retrieval system. Part of the LIS is a module for what we call “extended conceptual retrieval”. In CLIME we elaborate on the notion of CR in several ways. We describe the principles of extended CR, provide data on the quite extensive model we have built so far, and present fi...

1. Law is more than statutes or Court decisions. Statutes and Court decisions constitute the written expression of a legal system, but a legal system is driven by actors who deploy explicit and implicit principles and rules which give diverse meanings to statutes and decisions. To be accurate an expert system in law must take this characteristic into account . This, however makes it much more c...