We introduce a four-stage, multi-price buying mechanism which can be used by (big) buyer to separate low-quality sellers – called “lemon” owners from high-quality “peach” owners. With partition of into several groups, the obtains commodities desired number at price that matches their willingness sell. For part, are trapped selling items low, or even negligible, price. discuss variants this gene...

We study the Akerlofian adverse selection problem in a dynamic matching model where the competitive situation varies across different meetings. The 'lemons principle' is shown to limit the high quality sales within a wider range of quality distributions than in the Walrasian benchmark. High quality goods can nevertheless be traded, albeit less frequently than the low quality goods. For certain ...

We present analysis and measurements of the polarization patterns produced by non-collinear superpositions of Laguerre-Gauss spatial modes in orthogonal polarization states, which are known as Poincaré modes. Our findings agree with predictions (I. Freund Opt. Lett. 35, 148-150 (2010)), that superpositions containing a C-point lead to a rotation of the polarization ellipse in 3-dimensions. Here...

Carboxylic acids are Brønsted-Lowry acids, they are proton donors. They are the most common type of organic acid. Among the simplest examples are the formic acid H-COOH, that occurs in ants, and acetic acid H3C-COOH group, that gives vinegar its sour taste. Acids with two or more carboxyl groups are called dicarboxylic, tricarboxylic, etc. The simplest dicarboxylic example is oxalic acid (COOH)...