BACKGROUND Mucosal healing (MH) is a vital early endpoint in management of Crohn's disease (CD). MH depends on endoscopic assessment and there is increasing interest in non-invasive proxies, Pediatric Crohn's Disease activity Index (PDCAI), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC). These proxies must be validated against endoscopic disease activity (SES-CD) at diagnosis and after in...

OBJECTIVES to describe the efficacy and safety of adalimumab (ADA) in inducing clinical remission and reducing inflammation of intestinal mucosa in children with Crohn´s disease (CD). METHODS we carried out a descriptive, observational study with all patients diagnosed with CD and treated with ADA between January 2007 and March 2013. Disease activity was determined using the Pediatric Crohn´s...

BACKGROUND Ingestion of AndoSan™, based on the mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill, has previously been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects because of reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. In this randomized single-blinded placebo controlled study we examined whether intake of AndoSan™ also resulted in clinical effects. METHODS...

Calprotectin, the most abundant cytoplasmic protein in neutrophils, suppresses the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by sequestering the nutrient metal ions Zn and Mn. Here we show that calprotectin can also enhance the activity of the SaeRS two component system (TCS), a signaling system essential for production of over 20 virulence factors in S. aureus. The activity of the SaeRS TCS is repressed...

Abbreviations: APC: Antigen-Presenting Cell; DCs: Dendritic Cells; RECIST: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen; MDSCs: Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells; CTLs: Cytotoxic T Cells; GM-CSF: Granulocyte-Macrophage ColonyStimulating Factor; TGF: Transforming Growth Factor; IL: Interleukin ; VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; PGE2: Prostaglandin E2; PD-L1:...

objective: hla-g is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex antigen and is expressed as seven isoforms, including four membrane bound (hla-g1 to –g4) and three soluble (hla-g5 to –g7) forms. the pattern of selective expression of hla-g transcripts in tissues shows the existence of a tight transcriptional control on the gene expression. it has been revealed that cytokines including inter...

background: pediatric bronchial asthma is associated with considerable morbidity. the study was carried out to examine the association of human leukocyte antigen (hla)- class ii with the disease as we found no similar study on asian indian population. objective: to define the hla-class ii antigens in asian indian pediatric patients with asthma. methods: a total of 103 children with asthma and 1...

The killing activity of natural killer cells is largely regulated by the binding of class I human leukocyte antigen cognate ligands to killer cell immunoglobulin - like receptor proteins. The killer cell immunoglobulin - like receptor gene - complex contains genes that activate and others that inhibit the killing state of natural killer cells depending on the binding of specific human leukocyte...

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition most commonly affecting the ileum and colon. The aetiology of Crohn's disease is complex and may include defects in peptidoglycan recognition, and/or failures in the establishment of intestinal tolerance. We have recently described a novel constitutive endogenous delivery system for the translocation of nanomineral-antigen-peptidoglycan (NAP) ...

the human leukocyte antigen-b27 is one of the class i molecules of the major histocompatibility complex which is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (as) . the strength of the disease association with b27 varies markedly among racial and ethnic populations. it is an allele family, which constitutes about 31 subtypes, with a considerable geographic and ethnic difference in distributi...