Railway level crossings are amongst the most complex of road safety control systems, due to the conflicts between road vehicles and rail infrastructure, trains and train operations. Driver behaviour at railway crossings is the major collision factor. The main objective of the present paper was to evaluate the existing conventional warning devices in relation to driver behaviour. The common conv...

there are many indices for measuring property rights (pr) security. they may be classified into two groups: subjective proxies and objective proxies. most of the proxies are subjective. one contribution of this paper is introducing a new approach for measuring government expenditures devoted to pr protection. calculating physical capital within the introduced new approach is another contributio...

one of the most popular approaches to measuring productivity changes is based on using malmquist productivity indexes. in this paper we propose a method for obtaining interval malmquist productivity index (impi). the classical dea models have been before used for measuring the malmquist productivity index. the current article extends dea models for measuring the interval malmquist productivity ...

Providing the first few letters of a missing word in a sentence gives information about this word. This paper attempts to measure the information transmitted in that case. In order to do so, we analyzed response accuracy for open cloze questions, that is fill-in-the-blank questions without multiple choice answers. In this study, native and non-native speakers of English answered a series of ope...

This paper suggests an adaptive service model designed under context-based home environment. This model is based for ubiquitous home environment that consists of numerous sensors, devices, measuring equipments and common interfaces provided for interoperability. Furthermore, this model provides the context information requested under applied services. In order to deal with these service’s requi...

The ENEA Radiation Protection Institute since many years has been playing a reference role in Italy in the radiological protection field for external exposures and for incorporated radionuclides dosimetry both in the industrial and medical activities. A series of laboratories and measurement facilities are in operation in connection with neutron, photon and electron metrology, with the developm...

Objective: The Objective of this study was to determine the intrarater reliability of chest expansion at three different anatomical landmarks using a cloth tape measure among healthy peoples. Materials and Methods: 120 healthy male and female volunteers were evaluated on two occasions in different days. The measures consisted of chest expansion measurement at axilla, fourth intercostals and xip...

Many studies that demonstrate an increase in airway smooth muscle in asthmatic patients rely on the assumption that bronchial internal perimeter (P(i)) or basement membrane perimeter (P(bm)) is a constant, i.e., not affected by fixation pressure or the degree of smooth muscle shortening. Because it is the basement membrane that has been purported to be the indistensible structure, this study ex...

or 4, must be added to the urinometer reading to bring it to the true specific gravity. The estimation of chlorides can be done volumetrically with standard silver nitrate solution and potassium chromate as indicator; this method is sufficiently accurate for the purpose. The standard silver nitrate solution is made by dissolving 29.235 grammes of pure and dry crystals of silver nitrate in a lit...

JavaScript has grown to be among the most popular programming languages. However, performing change impact analysis on JavaScript applications is challenging due to features such as the seamless interplay with the DOM, event-driven and dynamic function calls, and asynchronous client/server communication. We first perform an empirical study of change propagation, the results of which show that t...