in order to protect individual and society from deviations and indecent activities, there are appropriate penal laws like hadd and ta’ zir in quran and traditions to halter administrative violators and social corrupters. in this regard, imprisonment in different forms has been considered as one of correctional punishments in narratives texts of shiite and sunnite. this article submits not only ...

The ambition of living ‘a normal life’ appears to be common among prisoners prior release. Besides portraying for the life desired upon release, notion a can say something about what persons aspiring it thinks their present life, they want like in future, and consider attainable. This article explores subjective social considerations prisoners’ desires normality. Qualitative interviews with at ...

We examine support for the death penalty among a unique group of respondents: 187 citizens who actually served as jurors in capital trials in South Carolina. We find that capital jurors support the death penalty as much as, if not more than, members of the general public. Yet capital jurors, like poll respondents, harbor doubts about the penalty’s fairness. Moreover, jurors—black jurors and Sou...

High rates of imprisonment among American fathers have motivated an ongoing examination of incarceration's role in family life. A growing literature suggests that incarceration creates material and socioemotional challenges not only for prisoners and former prisoners but also for their families and communities. The authors examined the relationship between fathers' incarceration and one such ch...

the dower is the first financial debt which established incumbent upon the husband after the realization of marriage. the wife has the right to demand the debt from the husband and then obtain its possession. if after the request of the wife, the husband claims to be insolvent and unable to pay the debt, the legal procedure of iranian courts is that the husband is sentenced to imprisonment so t...

Little is known about pathways to homelessness among older adults. We identified life course experiences associated with earlier versus later onset of homelessness in older homeless adults and examined current health and functional status by age at first homelessness. We interviewed 350 homeless adults, aged 50 and older, recruited via population-based sampling. Participants reported age at fir...