CONTEXT The ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow (UCL) is frequently injured in throwing athletes, most commonly baseball pitchers. The ligament is reconstructed through bone tunnels using palmaris longus or gracilis autograft. RESULTS This study highlights the following technique for UCL reconstruction in over 2000 athletes.(2) CONCLUSION When conservative management fails, ligament reco...

Recurrent dislocation of patella may occur in patients with ligament laxity. Method of treatment in this condition is controversial but patellofemoral ligament reconstruction is the most accepted method. We present a patient with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and recurrent patellar dislocation who managed successfully by patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.

Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament in unusual locations are rare injuries. We report the first case in the literature of an avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament associated with distal injury to the patellar ligament. The aim of this study was to present a novel case, the therapy used and the clinical follow-up.

Sprain of the costoclavicular (rhomboid) ligament is an uncommon but symptomatic traumatic injury. To date, there is no report of the MRI findings of isolated, traumatic, rhomboid ligament injury. We report a case of traumatic rhomboid ligament avulsion from the clavicular insertion diagnosed by MRI. Radiologists and treating physicians alike may find this information useful in their clinical p...

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most commonly injured knee ligament.1-3 The mechanism of injury is typically a contact valgus load on the lateral side of the knee with the foot planted; however, noncontact external rotation valgus injuries are also common. Medial collateral ligament failure can occur alone or in combination with cruciate and meniscal injury. Fetto and Marshall4 foun...

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is an intra-articular ligament that fails to heal after primary repair. The medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee is an extra-articular ligament that heals uneventfully in the majority of cases. Why these two ligaments have such different responses to injury remains unclear. In this article, we address two hypotheses: first, that the histo...

BACKGROUND Neuromuscular and proprioceptive training programs can decrease noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries; however, they may be difficult to implement within an entire team or the community at large. HYPOTHESIS A simple on-field alternative warm-up program can reduce noncontact ACL injuries. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial (clustered); Level of evidence, 1. METHOD...

Discussion Differential diagnoses included chip fracture of the patella, femur or tibia, or an avulsion fracture of a ligament insertion. Based on location and cranial-caudal instability, avulsion of the origin of the cranial cruciate ligament was considered most likely, with concurrent lateral collateral ligament sprain, and potential further intra-articular damage. Exploratory surgery of the ...

BACKGROUND The results of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are limited in the current literature, and no studies have previously documented the outcome of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using solely hamstring tendon grafts. HYPOTHESIS Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 4-strand hamstring tendon graft affords acceptable results and is ...

BACKGROUND Functional adaptations of patients with posterior cruciate ligament deficiency (grade II) are largely unknown despite increased recognition of this injury. HYPOTHESIS Posterior cruciate ligament-deficient subjects (grade II, 6- to 10-mm bilateral difference in posterior translation) will present with neuromuscular and biomechanical adaptations to overcome significant mechanical ins...