BACKGROUND Therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are currently being developed. However, no therapeutic efficacy has been achieved in clinical trials for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer. One of the important issues in increasing vaccine efficacy is determining the best way to enhance tumor antigen-specific cellular immune responses. This study aimed to ex...

Mouse polyomavirus-like particles (MPyV-VLPs) carrying inside a fragment of the Bcr-Abl hybrid protein containing the epitope of chronic myeloid leukemia fusion region were prepared. A sequence encoding 171 amino acids covering Bcr-Abl breakpoint was fused to the C-terminal part of VP3 minor protein connecting it to the VP1 capsomeres. Chimeric particles, the Bcr-Abl VLPs, were tested for their...

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, which highly stable and contagious, with a few virus particles being sufficient to establish infection. Although World Health Organization in 2016 stated that it should be an absolute priority develop HuNoV vaccine, unfortunately, there currently no licensed vaccine available. The major barrier development ef...

Site-specific protein modifications are vital for biopharmaceutical drug development. Gluconoylation is a non-enzymatic, post-translational modification of N-terminal HisTags. We report high-yield, site-selective in vitro α-aminoacylation peptides, glycoproteins, antibodies, and virus-like particles (VLPs) with azidogluconolactone at pH 7.5 1 h. Conjugates slowly hydrolyse, but diol-masking bor...

BACKGROUND A protective immune response against Hepatitis B infection can be obtained through the administration of a single viral polypeptide, the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Thus, the Hepatitis B vaccine is generated through the utilization of recombinant DNA technology, preferentially by using yeast-based expression systems. However, the polypeptide needs to assemble into spherical ...

A highly sensitive immunosensor based on scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was developed for the first time to detect living material such as HIV-1 virus by gold (Au) nanoparticle and fragmented antibody complex. Fragmented antibodies were pre-immobilized on the Au surface, then HIV-1 virus like particles (HIV-1 VLPs) and Au-nanoparticle and fragmented antibody complexes were applied to devel...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 6b L1 capsid protein was expressed using the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid expression system in silkworm larvae. Two constructs, full-length L1 (500 a.a) and C-terminal-deleted short L1 (479 a.a), and three PCR-manipulated antigenic loops at amino acids 55-56, 174-175, and 348-349 regions were incorporated with whole enhanced green fluorescent protei...

We have conjugated the S9 peptide, a mimic of the group B streptococcal type III capsular polysaccharide, to different carriers in an effort to elicit an optimal immune response. As carriers, we utilized the soluble protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin and virus-like particles (VLPs) from two plant viruses, Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus and Cowpea Mosaic Virus. We have found that coupling the pept...

Display of epitopes on virus-like particles (VLPs) is a highly effective technique for enhancing the immunogenicity of antigens that are poorly immunogenic in their native context. VLP-based vaccines can be used to elicit long-lasting, high-titer antibody responses against diverse target antigens, even self-antigens. Most VLP platform-based vaccines are rationally engineered; specific target ep...