Idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini (IAPP) is a rare pigmented atrophic cutaneous disease. Here, we report case 27-year-old woman who presented with asymptomatic brown patches on her upper back for one year. There was no prior history swelling or induration the lesions. Physical examination showed clear boundaries, consistent snow footprints cliff-drop-like changes edge. Dermoscopy re...

IL-4: Interleukin 4 IFN-b: Interferon beta IFN-b1a: Interferon beta-1a MS: Multiple sclerosis SSc: Systemic sclerosis Th2: T helper 2 INTRODUCTION Interferon beta-1a (IFN-b1a) is a cytokine therapy used in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The most common adverse injection site reactions include local erythema, pain, and induration. Other less frequently encountered react...

Localised scleroderma is an uncommon connective tissue disease of multifactorial aetiology occurring in the paediatric and adult population. It is relatively difficult to conduct any research on the subject of this disease entity treatment due to the low number of patients suffering from morphea, a tendency of the disease to remit spontaneously, and not yet well recognised aetiology. Hence, the...

Parry Romberg syndrome(PRS) is a rare acquired poorly understood neurocutaneous syndrome of unknown etiology characterized by slow progressive atrophic changes commonly affecting one half of the face. The exact incidence and etiology towards the syndrome remains unclear. Apart from the multifactorial etiology proposed, the possible primary cause is mainly attributed to the cerebral disturbance ...

Linear morphea en coup de sabre (ECDS) is a form of localized scleroderma that predominantly affects the pediatric population, with a median age of 10 years at presentation. The existence of neurologic findings in association with ECDS has been well described in the literature. Here we describe 4 patients with ECDS who presented with headaches, which were typical migraines in 3 of the patients....