The aim of the present study was to investigate the light and electron microscopic structure of the tongue in White-eared bulbul (Pycnonotus leucotis). Six adult White-eared bulbul (3 males and 3 females) in Shahrekord district were used in the investigation. Samples of the apex, body and root of the tongue were prepared routinely for light and electron microscopic study. Results showed that th...

pediatric mandibular fractures have been successfully managed in various ways. the use of a lingual splint is an option. this article presents a 4-year old boy who was treated by an alternative conservative method with a combination of an arch bar plus a lingual splint, circum-mandibular wiring and imf for the reduction, stabilization and fixation of a severely displaced bilateral man dibular b...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the most caries-susceptible site of pits and fissures on first permanent molars by quantitative evaluation of the mineralization in both caries-active and caries-free children, and to provide helpful information for cost-effective, targeted prevention. METHODS Eighty-four caries-free and 85 caries-active children were selected from 800 6- to 7...

Lingual osseous choristoma is an extremely rare condition, of which only 61 cases have been reported. Monserrat in 1913 was the first to report this bony lesion on the dorsum of the tongue and it was labelled as lingual osteoma, the term that normally describes neoplastic pathology. Krolls et al changed this term later to osseous choristoma, which means normal tissue in an abnormal location. Th...

Herbst appliances were activated progressively in growing nonhuman primates, and the results were compared with primate and human controls. The methods and materials of this research are explained in Part 1 of this study. The results are discussed here in Part 2. All experimental subjects developed large super Class I malocclusions, the result of many factors including posterior movement of the...

OBJECTIVE To determine the anatomical variability of the oval fossa in cases of atrial septal defect and to find out which factors might make such defects suitable or unsuitable for closure by umbrella or clamshell devices. DESIGN 100 specimens with defects of the atrial septum within the oval fossa were studied, especially the position of the defects within the fossa; the area of the defect ...

There can be little doubt that securing the lingual artery is the main difficulty in excision of the tongue, and that the risks both at, and after the operation, are greatly reduced when bleeding into the mouth during its performance can be kept at a minimum. It would not be difficult to show that most, if not all, of the past as well as the present methods of excising the tongue have turned ve...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of the type of osteotomy in the inferior aspect of the mandible on the mechanical performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed on 20 polyurethane hemimandibles. A sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) was designed in 10 hemimandibles (group 1) with a vertical osteotomy in the buccal side (second molar level) and final osteotomy was performed ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the anatomical variability of the maxillary artery. DESIGN Anatomical study. SETTING Academic institution. SUBJECTS One hundred midsagittal sections of randomly selected adult cadaver heads with intact maxillary sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, and surrounding structures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The location of the proximal portion of the maxillary artery in relation ...

Palatine and nasopharyngeal tonsils are lymphatic flesh clusters of tissue of the respiratory and digestive tract’s epithelium (1). Classification by site includes palatine, lingual and pharyngeal tonsils. They have important role in the body’s immune system, once they are near the entrance to the breathing passages where incoming antigens may be aspirated or ingested (2). 1. The palatine tonsi...