Summery Routing presents a significant design challenge to meet various applications requirements in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) communications. In this paper, we present a minimum delay multipath routing protocol with modification to the standard dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol, which aims to improve energy efficiency and minimize end-to-end delay to provide quality of service (QoS) ...

A reliable multicast algorithm, called RMA, for mobile ad hoc networks is presented that is based on a new cost criterion, called link lifetime, for determining the optimal path between a pair of nodes. The algorithm has the characteristics of using an undirected graph for its routing operations rather than a fixed structure like a tree or a mesh. Previously proposed routing metrics for mobile ...

In multi-rate wireless mesh networks, a mesh node can dynamically modify the data rate on a particular link, in response to the perceived SNR ratio between neighbor nodes. In such networks, existing route selection schemes use a link quality metric based on the expected amount of medium time it takes to successfully transmit a packet. However, these schemes do not take into account the status o...

Traffic engineering helps to use network resources more efficiently. Network operators use TE to obtain different objectives such as load balancing, congestion avoidance and average delay reduction. Plane IP routing protocols such as OSPF, a popular intradomain routing protocol, are believed to be insufficient for TE. OSPF is based on the shortest path algorithm in which link weights are usuall...

Routing metrics are essential to achieve a good end-to-end throughput on a min-cost path in multi-hop wireless networks. Originally, most routing algorithms were based on min-hop count metric. Then link-quality aware metrics, ETX and ETT, are proposed. After that, the emergence of opportunistic and any-path routing, leads to metrics such as EOTX and EAX. But almost all the previous routing metr...

This paper investigates the problem of path calcul ation of multiple metric routing. Toda 's Internet routing is based on a single metric path selecting algorithm. Single metric path is a best effort service that can only support path for one requirement. In order to support quality-of-service(QoS) call, path is subjec to multiple constraints on routing metric. In many cases, the path finding p...

Using the idea of approach space due to Robert Lowen [Approach spaces. The missing link in the topology-uniformitymetric triad], we define the notion of fuzzy approach spaces as a natural generalization of fuzzy metric spaces due to Kramosil and Michalek [Kybernetika , 11, 1975, 336–344] and prove some properties of fuzzy approach spaces. Keywords— Approach spaces, Fuzzy approach spaces, Fuzzy ...