A method for automatic segmentation of tumour regions in breast histopathology images is described. It uses auto-context to label pixels based on local image features and contextual label probabilities. We propose spin-context to compute context features that are invariant under image rotation. Quantitative evaluation is reported using spots stained for estrogen receptor. The use of context res...

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological malignancies worldwide. Histologically, two types endometrial with morphological and molecular differences also therapeutic implications have been identified. Type I has an endometrioid morphology estrogen-dependent, while II appears non-endometrioid differentiation follows estrogen-unrelated pathway. Understanding biology genetics cru...

Epidemiological and experimental evidence strongly supports a role for estrogens in the development and growth of breast tumors. A role for estrogen in prostate neoplasia has also been postulated. Therefore, one chemopreventive strategy for breast and prostate cancers is to decrease estrogen production. This can be accomplished by inhibiting aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-...

Background: The role of estrogen and progesterone in stroke is suggested in previous studies, but yet is controversial. Objectives: Comparing the plasma levels of estrogen and progesterone and their ratio in ischemic stroke patients and healthy population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from March to September of 2013. Sixty-six female patients older...

in a double blind, parallel-group, clinical trial we compared the effects of conjugated estrogen with estrogen plus methyltestosterone in surgically menopausal women. in this study, 251 women were randomly assigned to one of the two regimens: 1-conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day +placebo. 2-conjungated estrogen 0.625 mg/day+methyltestosterone 1.25 mg/day (e+a group). study parameters were psychol...

Endocrine-disrupting compounds may produce infertility, nervous system disorders, and improper functioning of the immune system in humans and wildlife. Estrogens are classified as the most potent and common endocrine-disrupting compounds and the major point source for estrogen is municipal wastewater. Monitoring of estrogen is challenging, expensive, and intermittent; and therefore, the focus o...

Estrogens and selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators such as tamoxifen are known to increase uterine cell proliferation. Mounting evidence suggests that estrogen signaling is mediated not only by ERalpha and ERbeta nuclear receptors, but also by GPR30 (GPER), a seven transmembrane (7TM) receptor. Here, we report that primary human endometriotic H-38 cells express high levels of GPR30 with ...

Management of breast cancer includes systematic therapies including chemotherapy and endocrine therapy can lead to a variety of symptoms that can impair the quality of life of many breast cancer survivors. Atrophic vaginitis, caused by decreased levels of circulating estrogen to urinary and vaginal receptors, is commonly experienced by this group. Chemotherapy induced ovarian failure and endocr...

Phytoestrogens are polyphenolic non-steroidal plant compounds with estrogen like activity exerted through estrogen receptors. These receptors are distributed in several tissues such as male and female reproductive systems, bones, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. These natural phenolic compounds include isoflavonoids, flavonoids, lignans and stilbenes. Isoflavonoids are the most studi...

The modulation of oxytocin (OT) receptors (OTRs) by estrogen was investigated in the ventromedial hypothalamus by in vitro receptor autoradiography. Treatment of ovariectomized and adrenalectomized rats with various doses of estradiol benzoate (EB) increased OTR binding not only in the ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus (VMN), but also in the area lateral to the nuclei (IVMN). After a sing...