PURPOSE The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of heparin flushing in the lock of central venous catheters. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and CINAHL databases. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of heparin versus normal saline or other solution in the flushing of central catheter among adult patients. No language restrictions were applied...

BACKGROUND Bacteraemia is a major complication associated with the use of long-term intravascular catheters. Conservative treatment using antibiotic-lock therapy (ALT) has been shown to be useful in some studies, but the evidence supporting its impact in clinical care is still scarce. METHODS We evaluated the outcome of the episodes of catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB) associated with long-t...

Objective: To determine whether high concentrations of antibiotic “locked” into a central venous catheter with heparin would retain sufficient antimicrobial activity to inhibit the growth of organisms commonly causing catheter-related infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: Cefazolin, vancomycin, ceftazidime (all at final concentrations of 10 mg/mL), and gentamicin (final conce...

in this paper, an adaptive rule based controller for an anti-lock regenerative braking system (arbs) of a series hybrid electric bus (sheb) has been proposed. the proposed controller integrates the regenerative braking and wheel anti-lock functions by controlling the electric motor of the hybrid vehicle, without using any conventional mechanical anti-lock braking system. the performance of the ...

Rev Esp Cardiol. 2010;63(6):740-50 743 3. Sudarshan CD, Cochrane AD, Jun ZH, Soto R, Brizard CP. Repair of coarctation of the aorta in infants weighing less than 2 kilograms. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82:158-63. 4. Sutton N, Lock JE, Geggel RL. Cardiac catheterization in infants weighing less than 1,500 grams. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2006;68:948-56. 5. McMahon CJ, Alromani A, Nihill MR. Balloon...

Rev Esp Cardiol. 2010;63(6):740-50 743 3. Sudarshan CD, Cochrane AD, Jun ZH, Soto R, Brizard CP. Repair of coarctation of the aorta in infants weighing less than 2 kilograms. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82:158-63. 4. Sutton N, Lock JE, Geggel RL. Cardiac catheterization in infants weighing less than 1,500 grams. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2006;68:948-56. 5. McMahon CJ, Alromani A, Nihill MR. Balloon...

It is difficult to imagine what our concepts of heart disease might be like today if we had to construct them without the enormous reservoir of physiologic and anatomic knowledge derived from the past 60 years' experience in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. As Andre Cournand remarked in his Nobel lecture of December 11, 1956, “the cardiac catheter was. . . the key in the lock” . By turni...