In the design of circular patch antenna, the feed point locations SF=5, SF=6, SF=7 and SF=8 were selected and the simulated results compared and the optimum location adopted and implemented. The best feed point was located at SF=5mm where return loss RL is -37.81dB, followed by SF=6mm with return loss RL of -17.14dB and SF=7mm with return loss RL is -11.38dB. The feed point location at SF=8mm w...

The bone-cartilage, or osteochondral, interface resists remarkably high shear stresses and rarely fails, yet its mechanical characteristics are largely unknown. A complete understanding of this hierarchical system requires mechanical-property information at the length scales of both the interface and the connecting tissues. Here, we combined nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) met...

W e draw on mathematical results from topology to develop quantitative methods for polymeric materials to characterize the relationship between polymer chain entanglement and bulk viscoelastic responses. We generalize the mathematical notion of the Linking Number and Writhe to be applicable to open (linear) chains. We show how our results can be used in practice by performing fully three-dimens...

Low temperature fabrication of Al2O3-polyimide composite substrates was carried out by an aerosol deposition process using a mixture of Al2O3 and polyimide starting powders. The microstructures and dielectric properties of the composite thick films in relation to their Al2O3 contents were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. As a result, the crystallite size of α-Al2O3 calculated from S...

In this article, we report the preparation and characterization of novel Li-stuffed garnets Li5+2xLa3Ta2-xGdxO12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.55) for all-solid-state Li ion batteries. The conventional solid-state method was used to prepare Li5La3Ta2O12 in air at 1200 °C and Li5+2xLa3Ta2-xGdxO12 at 1150 °C. Rietveld refinements for the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns confirmed the formation of a cubic ga...

On extrinsic geometry of unit normal vector fields of Riemannian hyperfoliations. Abstract We consider a unit normal vector field of (local) hyperfoliation on a given Riemannian manifold as a submanifold in the unit tangent bundle with Sasaki metric. We give an explicit expression of the second fundamental form for this submanifold and a rather simple condition its totally geodesic property in ...

Consider a one parameter family of diffeomorphisms fε such that f0 is an Anosov element in a standard abelian Anosov action having sufficiently strong mixing properties. Let νε be any u-Gibbs state for fε. We prove (Theorem 1) that if A is a C ∞ function then the map A → νε(A) is differentiable at ε = 0. This implies (Corollary 1) that the difference of Birkhoff averages of the perturbed and un...

An almost contact metric structure is parametrized by a section σ of an associated homogeneous fibre bundle, and conditions for σ to be a harmonic section, and a harmonic map, are studied. These involve the characteristic vector field ξ, and the almost complex structure in the contact subbundle. Several examples are given where the harmonic section equations for σ reduce to those for ξ, regarde...

For almost all values of x 2 R, the classical theta sum S N (x) = N ?1=2 N X n=1 e 2i n 2 x exhibits an extremely irregular behaviour, as N tends to innnity. This limit is investigated by exploiting a connection to the ergodic properties of ows on the unit tangent bundle of a surface of constant negative curvature.