Although uncommon, different kinds of foreign bodies, most of which metallic, have been reported to enter the appendix. The present report describes a case with a metallic foreign body-induced appendicitis, and makes suggestion in regards to the diagnosis and management of the problem. A metallic foreign body was accidentally observed in the right lower quadrant region in an abdominal X-ray tak...

Inflammation has been linked to a number of diseases including prostate cancer, but the mechanisms by which inflammatory signaling promotes tumorigenesis remain largely unknown (1). In PNAS, Kwon et al. (2) demonstrate that bacterial-induced inflammation in the mouse prostate is associated with both proliferation and basal-to-luminal differentiation, the limiting step in the transformation of b...

1. In muscle, intracellular calcium concentration, hence skeletal muscle force and cardiac output, is regulated by uptake and release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The ryanodine receptor (RyR) forms the calcium release channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 2. The free [Ca2+] in the sarcoplasmic reticulum regulates the excitability of this store by stimulating the Ca2+ release cha...

The luminal and basal epithelial cells in the human mammary gland can be distinguished in tissue sections on the basis of the pattern of keratins they express. Moreover, the invasive cells in primary carcinomas show a keratin profile that corresponds to that of the dominant luminal cell (7, 8, 18, 19). When homogeneous populations of luminal epithelial cells from milk or from breast cancer meta...