PURPOSE To assess intra- and inter-fractional motions of liver and lung tumors using active breathing control (ABC). METHODS AND MATERIALS Nineteen patients with liver cancer and 15 patients with lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) were included in this retrospective study. All patients received a series of three CTs at simulation to test breath-hold reproducibility...

By its heat and continuous motion, the lung further concocts the blood brought to it through the arterylike vein [pulmonary artery], and renders it foamier, such as that [blood] already is which reaches the lung through the veinlike artery [pulmonary vein] from the left ventricle of the heart, since it has already been elaborated in both ventricles of the heart. [Our italics] Vesalius, Fabrica,...

Motivated by medical needs, we propose to simulate lung deformation and motion during respiration to track tumours. This paper presents a model of lung behaviour based on a continuous media mechanics model and solved with a nite element method. The result is a simulation of a normal breathing, matching with patient customised data. Moreover, we carried out numerical experiments to evaluate our ...

Lung cancer is the leading cancer cause of death in the United States. Radiotherapy is an essential component of the definitive treatment of early-stage and locally-advanced lung cancer, and the palliative treatment of metastatic lung cancer. Proton beam therapy (PBT), through its characteristic Bragg peak, has the potential to decrease the toxicity of radiotherapy, and, subsequently improve th...

This review emphasizes some of the challenges and benefits of in vivo imaging of the small animal lung. Because mechanical ventilation plays a key role in high-quality, high-resolution imaging of the small animal lung, the article focuses particularly on the problems of ventilation support, control of breathing motion and lung volume, and imaging during different phases of the breathing cycle. ...

Lung hyperinflation commonly accompanies expiratory flow-limitation in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and contributes importantly to dyspnea and activity limitation. It is not surprising, therefore, that lung hyperinflation has become an important therapeutic target in symptomatic COPD patients. There is increasing evidence that acute dynamic increases in lung hyperi...

Lung cancer is an important clinical problem and lung cancer screening may lead to an early diagnosis. CT fluoroscopy-guided lung biopsy is a popular method for obtaining a tissue sample for lung cancer diagnosis. However, the radiation exposure for the physician associated with CT fluoroscopy may limit more widespread adoption of this technique. The use of a robotic needle driver that can hold...

Introduction Significant progress has been made in early detection and therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death. Better characterization of lung tumors will allow for individualized therapy. There is increasing evidence that hypoxia in tumors predicts poor outcome for many tumor types including lung malignancies, most notably...

It has been noted that some lung tumors exhibit large periodic motion due to respiration. To limit the amount of dose to healthy lung tissues, many clinics have begun gating radiotherapy treatment using externally placed surrogates. It has been observed by several institutions that the end-of-exhale (EOE) tumor position is more reproducible than other phases of the breathing cycle, so the gatin...

PURPOSE Respiration-induced motion artifacts in cone-beam CT (CBCT) can be corrected using a model of patient motion obtained from respiration-correlated CT (RCCT). This approach assumes that respiration-induced organ deformations at simulation, when RCCT scans are normally acquired, are still valid at treatment. The purpose of this study is to compare lung tumor image quality in motion-correct...