we design and simulate a five-port optical router, which is composed of twenty mach-zehnder-based switching elements and twelve waveguide crossings for use in integrated photonic interconnection networks. we simulated and analyzed the operation of the proposed optical router from the aspects of insertion loss, power budget, q-factor and the minimum bit error ratio by use of optisystem simulator...

Here, we experimentally demonstrate interaction-free measurements with electrons using a novel electron Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The flexible two-grating interferometer is constructed in conventional transmission microscope and achieves high contrast discrete output detectors, tunable alignment independently movable beam splitters, scanning capabilities for imaging. With this path-separated...

Sang-Su Lee et al. 373 This paper presents a new method for a visual cryptography scheme that uses phase masks and an interferometer. To encrypt a binary image, we divided it into an arbitrary number of slides and encrypted them using an XOR process with a random key or keys. The phase mask for each encrypted image was fabricated under the proposed phase-assignment rule. For decryption, phase m...

Determination of the path taken by a quantum particle leads to a suppression of interference and to a classical behavior. We employ here a quantum "which path" detector to perform accurate path determination in a two-path Mach-Zehnder electron interferometer, leading to full suppression of the interference. Following the dephasing process we recover the interference by measuring the cross corre...

An in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) for high temperature measurement is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The device is constructed of a piece of thin-core fiber (TCF) sandwiched between two short sections of multimode fiber (MMF), i.e., a MMF-TCF-MMF structure. A well-defined interference spectrum is obtained owing to the core-mismatch, and the interference dips are sensitive...

In this Letter, we demonstrate a highly efficient, compact, high-contrast and low-loss silicon slow wave modulator based on a traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder interferometer with two 500 μm long slow wave phase shifters. 40  Gb/s operation with 6.6 dB extinction ratio at quadrature and with an on-chip insertion loss of only 6 dB is shown. These results confirm the benefits of slow light as a means t...

Under suitable conditions polystyrene microsphere colloids form photonic crystals capable of diffracting visible light, analogous to x-ray diffraction from atomic crystal planes. The lattice spacings of these crystals can be tailored to satisfy the Bragg condition along a certain direction for a particular desired wavelength. A modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been developed for accurat...

We have constructed an atom interferometer of the Mach-Zehnder type, operating with a thermal lithium beam. Atom diffraction uses Bragg diffraction on laser standing waves. With first order diffraction, our apparatus has given a large signal and a very good fringe contrast (74%), which we believe to be the highest ever observed with atom interferometers. This apparatus will be applied to high s...

I propose encoder and decoder architectures for entanglement-assisted (EA) quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes suitable for all-optical implementation. I show that two basic gates needed for EA quantum error correction, namely, controlled-NOT (CNOT) and Hadamard gates can be implemented based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In addition, I show that EA quantum LDPC codes from balanced ...

A generalized Mach–Zehnder-type interferometer equipped with cross-Kerr elements is proposed to convert N-photon truncated single-mode quantum states into (N +1)-mode single-photon states, which are suitable for further state manipulation by means of beam splitter arrays and ON/OFF-detections, and vice versa. Applications to the realization of uni-tary and non-unitary transformations, quantum s...