We present a combined macro-scale/micro-scale computational approach to quantify oxygen transport and flow-mediated shear stress to human chondrocytes cultured in three-dimensional scaffolds in a perfusion bioreactor system. A macro-scale model was developed to assess the influence of the bioreactor design and to identify the proper boundary conditions for the micro-scale model. The micro-scale...

Marine algae are considered a source of different bioactive constituents including protein, oil, fiber, vitamins, pigments and dietary minerals. To evaluate the fine chemical biochemical properties marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata macroalga Ulva lactuca, present study was carried out. The cultivated N. oculate collected U. lactuca were washed, oven-dried, ground subjected to analysis mo...

Despite a general, if often provisional, acceptance of quantum indeterminacy, and a now orthodox physicalism on which macroscopic states are held to depend in some sense on microscopic states, many philosophers of mind and of science continue to work under the assumption that macro states, such as brain states, evolve deterministically from prior macro states. Frequently this presumption is imp...

We discuss a condition required for forming and maintaining dynamics of macro structure in a society from the dynamical view of society, which regards social structure as dynamically changing with time. We summarize results of a multi-agent simulation composed of agents having internal dynamics. In the simulation, we observe the dynamics of a macro structure itinerating among various ordered st...

ABC Fax + 41 61 306 12 34 E-mail [email protected] www.karger.com © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel 0301–0171/04/1064–0289$21.00/0 Accessible online at: www.karger.com/cgr Abstract. Comparative analysis of micro B and macro B chromosomes of the Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae, collected in populations from Siberia and the Russian Far East, was performed with Giemsa, DAPI, Ag-NOR staining and chr...

OBJECTIVES To compare a less cumbersome random albumin creatinine ratio (RACR) with 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) for detection of renal damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This retrospective study performed between March 2013 and June 2014 at the Department of Pathology, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia included 122 patie...

To connect different scale models in the multi-scale problem of microwave use, equivalent material constants were researched numerically by a three-dimensional electromagnetic field, taking into account eddy current and displacement current. A volume averaged method and a standing wave method were used to introduce the equivalent material constants; water particles and aluminum particles are us...