Collateral ligament injury can be a cause of ACL graft failure. These ligament injuries must be addressed at revision surgery in order to prevent failure of the revision surgery. In malalignment with associated collateral ligament injury, osteotomy may be the preferred choice to manage the collateral ligament laxity. This outline will describe techniques for managing collateral ligament injury ...

We report the outcome of 19 children aged 5.2 to 13.2 years with 20 fractures of the femoral shaft requiring surgery, who were randomly assigned to have external fixation (EF) or flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) (10 fractures each). The duration of the operation averaged 56 minutes for the EF group with 1.4 minutes of fluoroscopy, compared with 74 minutes and 2.6 minutes, respectively, for...

PURPOSE To report complications in the management of complex closed proximal tibial fractures. METHOD A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the infectious and noninfectious complications encountered in the management of high-energy Schatzker type V and VI tibial plateau fractures. All patients were treated at the level 1 trauma centre between January 2011 and March 2014. Sixty two pa...

BACKGROUND Flexible intramedullary nailing has emerged as an accepted procedure for paediatric femoral fractures. Present indications include all patients with femoral shaft fractures and open physis. Despite its excellent reported results, orthopaedic surgeons remain divided in opinion regarding its usefulness and the best material used for nails. We thus undertook a retrospective study of pae...

BACKGROUND The traditional diagnostic criteria of cervicogenic headache (CEH) are mainly subjective symptoms, thus making its differential diagnosis difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic validity of functional plain radiograms, based on the clinical diagnostic criteria of CEH. METHODS Twenty-two patients with subjectively diagnosed cervicogenic headache, including 7 with a tr...

Distraction osteogenesis is widely used for leg lengthening, but often requires a long period of external fixation which carries risks of pin-track sepsis, malalignment, stiffness of the joint and late fracture of the regenerate. We present the results of 20 cases in which, in an attempt to reduce the rate of complications, a combination of external fixation and intramedullary nailing was used....

PURPOSE To assess the results of concurrent intramedullary nailing plus plate osteosynthesis for fractures of the distal tibia and fibula. METHODS 15 men and 10 women (mean age, 35 years) with concurrent fractures of the distal tibia and fibula underwent intramedullary nailing (for the tibia) and plate osteosynthesis (for the fibula). 17 fractures were type A1, 6 type A2, and 2 type A3. Compo...